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Operative 1 > E1 Pulp > Flashcards

E1 Pulp Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the oral cavity and teeth?

A

Neural crest cells

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2
Q

Which cells give rise to the dental lamina?

A

Neural crest cells

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3
Q

Does the tooth form from the crown or apex?

A

crown

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4
Q

What occurs first dentin (dentinogenesis) or enamel (amelogenesis)?

A

dentin

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5
Q

What is the sequence of tooth formation?

A

Bud, cap, bell, dentinogenesis, amelogenesis, apositional dentin and enamel. BCBDAA!

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6
Q

T/F Root formation occurs after dentinogenesis and amelogeness

A

T

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7
Q

What are the three terms used to describe the primordial root?

A

Cervical loop
Hertwigs Epithelial root sheath
Epithelial diaphragm

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8
Q

What are cell rests of Malassez?

A

Epithelial cells that remain in the periodontal ligament space during root formation

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9
Q

Which cysts can develop later in life due to the cell rests of Malassez?

A

Lateral periodontal cysts

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10
Q

Do lateral and accessory canals contain pulp tissue?

A

No, they do not

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11
Q

What is the difference between lateral and accessory canals?

A

Lateral canals if in the coronal 2/3 of root. Accessory canals in the apical 1/3 of root and furcation areas

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12
Q

Where are accessory canals more numerous?

A

Apical 1/3 of root

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13
Q

Why does the apical foramen change in size with age?

A

Continual cementum deposition

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14
Q

What does the pulp-dentin complex include?

A

Predentin, odontoblastic layer, cell free zone, cell rich zone, central pulp. POCCC.

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15
Q

What does the cell rich zone contain?

A

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, blood vessels, defense cells

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16
Q

What is the most prominent and common cell in the pulp? Which layer is it located in?

A

Fibroblast.

Cell rich zone

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17
Q

What do fibroblasts differentiate into?

A

Odontoblasts, Types 1 and 3 collagen, and ground substance

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18
Q

What is the shape of fibroblasts?

A

Spindly-shaped

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19
Q

What is the one job of odontoblasts?

A

Produce dentin

20
Q

Where are the odontoblasts well organized? Where least organized?

A

Mid root area just above the cell rich zone.

Least organized in apical pulp. Most organized in coronal pulp

21
Q

What is the shape of odontoblasts in each third of the pulp?

A

Columnar in coronal pulp.
Cuboidal in the middle third.
Squamous in the apical pulp

22
Q

What is the long extension of the odontoblast cell body called?

A

Tomes process (or odontoblast process)

23
Q

Where does the Tomes process extend?

A

Into the dentinal tubules

24
Q

What kind of medium is the ground substance?

A

Glycoprotein medium for the transport of nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the pulp

25
Q

Does pulp contain collagen?

A

Yes. Type 1 in dentin, secreted by odontoblasts. Type 1 and 3 in pulp secreted by fibroblast

26
Q

What are the afferent sensory cells? Which fibers are located more peripherally and which ones more centrally?

A

A(alpha)-Delta fibers (peripherally located), and C fibers located more centrally).

27
Q

What are the efferent motor nerves associated with in the pulpal nerve supply?

A

Contraction of smooth muscles in the capillaries

28
Q

Are alpha fibers myelinated? What type of pain are they associated with?

A

Yes, and they have a high conduction velocity. Associated with sharp lightening type of pain.

29
Q

Reversible pulpitis is associated with which type of pain fibers? Irreversible pulpitis?

A

Alpha - reversible pulpitis

C fibers are associated with irreversible pulpitis

30
Q

Are C fibers myelinated? What type of pain are they associated with?

A

C fibers are non-myelinated. Associated with dull, lingering, poorly localized pain

31
Q

How deep do the Tomes processes extend into the dentin?

A

100-200 microns

32
Q

What are the three theories of dentin sensitivity?

A
  1. Direct innervation
  2. Odontoblastic receptor
  3. Hydrodynamic
33
Q

How does the hydrodynamic theory of dentinn sensitivity work?

A

Pulpal fluid movement in tubules triggers nerves

34
Q

What is the most accepted theory of dentin sensitivity?

A

Hydrodynamic theory

35
Q

What determines the vitality of the pulp?

A

Normal blood supply

36
Q

Which artery provides the blood supply to the pulp?

A

Internal maxillary artery

37
Q

What are the functions of A-V shunts?

A

1) Bypass the capillary bed during inflammation, which decreases the intrapulpal blood pressure
2) Help control normal pulpal circulation
THEREFORE, they are defense mechanisms as well as physiologic blood flowing control mechanisms

38
Q

What are the functions of the pulp?

A

Induction, formation, innervation, nutrition, defense. I FIND.

39
Q

What is the most important function of the pulp?

A

Secondary dentin formation, which occurs thru out life

40
Q

What is tertiary dentin formation?

A

Repairative dentin formation in response to an irritant or dental procedures. Repairative, irritational, and tertiary dentin are all terms for dentin that forms in response to an irritant

41
Q

Is there a correlation between pathology and calcification (pulp stones)?

A

No

42
Q

What is the most common irritant to the pulp?

A

Caries

43
Q

Which immune cells are present in the pulp during an immune response?

A

PMNs,
T, B, and NK cells
Plasma cells (IgG, IgA, against microbes in the carious lesion)

44
Q

Are direct pulp caps over carious exposures recommended?

A

No

45
Q

What is the success rate of pulp caps after a 10 year follow up?

A

13%

46
Q

T/F Pulp reactions include vascular ad neural reactions

A

T

47
Q

What are the defense mechanisms of the pulp? (4)

A

AV shunting
Secondary Dentinal Mechanisms
Reparative Dentin Formation
Immune Reactions

Operative 1 (3 decks)

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