E. Landmark Cases To Know Flashcards
Fred Scott V. Sanford
the Court ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, were not citizens of the United States and therefore did not have the right to sue in federal court.
Plessy V. Ferguson
upheld the rights of states to pass laws allowing or even requiring racial segregation in public and private institutions such as schools, public transportation, restrooms, and restaurants.
Schenck V US
concluded that defendants who distributed fliers to draft-age men, urging resistance to induction, could be convicted of an attempt to obstruct the draft, a criminal offense.
Gitlow V. New York
The Fourteenth Amendment prohibits states from infringing free speech, but the defendant was properly convicted under New York’s Criminal Anarchy Law because he disseminated newspapers that advocated the violent overthrow of the government.
Brown V. Board of ED of Topeka, KS
Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.
Engle V. Vitale
ruled it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools.
Gideon V. Wainright
ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys
Miranda V. Arizona
The Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect interrogated in custody of his or her rights to remain silent and to obtain an attorney. Supreme Court of Arizona reversed and remanded.
Tinker V. Des Moines
Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools.
Roe V. Wade
Court case that held that the Constitution protected a woman’s right to an abortion prior to the viability of the fetus.
UC Regents V. Bakke
allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy
New Jersey V. TLO
fought the search, claiming it violated her Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable searches. The U.S. Supreme Court, in a 6–3 ruling, held that the search by the Piscataway Township Schools was reasonable under the Fourth Amendment.
Bush V. Gore
resolving the dispute surrounding the 2000 presidential election
D.C. V Heller
Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia for traditionally lawful purposes
Weeks V. US
the warrantless seizure of items from a private residence constitutes a violation of the Fourth Amendment.
