DZ ACCIDENTS Flashcards
causes of abnormalities
genetic and envt effects
polymelia is common in holstein cattle which is brought by recessive genetic conditions
false. angus cattle
known as curly calf syndrome due to crooked joints
arthrogryposis complex
what breed of cattle is predisposed to arthrogryposis complex
charolais breed
brachyspina is a common recessive genetic condition in angus breeds
holstein
Biggest component in the largest pregnancy wastage
embryonic death
also known as perinatal mortality
stillbirth
stillbirth happens ___ hours before parturition
12-48 hrs
Well Known in cattle, but occurs also in sheep goats camel
freemartinism
in freemartinism, 92% of heifers born co-twin to bulls are ___
sterile
why are freemartin females sterile
transfer of antimullerian hormone
single born freemartin females can occur
true
deficiency causing Anophthalmia or microphthalmia
vit a
how to prevent vit a deficiency
cod liver oil, rich in vit a,d, FAs
vit a deficiency can be associated with lack of _____
green feed
important in formation of bone
vit a, calcium
abortion is pregnancy loss after fetal period ___ days
> 42 days
if <42 days ang death, it is considered as
embryonic death
disintegration of fetus after completion of organogenesis
fetal resorption
fetal resorption is when nothing comes out of the vulva, no expulsion, but few discharges T/F
false. no discharge
caused Anomalous limb development in pigs
vit b2 def.
Lack of this leads to: Hydrocephalus
vit b3, b12 def.
hydrocephalus is increased spinal synovial fluid in the cranium T/F
false. cerebrospinal fluid
hydrocephalus causes spherical head shape T/F
dome-shaped
Affect in perinatal devt and survival
vit b6 deficiency
Detrimental to embryo and devt
folic acid deficiency
term for Protruding brain tissue out of skull
exencephaly
causes eye and facial malformation
vit a def.
causes Abortion, resorption, stillbirth or fetal malformations
vit a def.
causes Fetal deaths and locomotor incoordination in pig
vit b5 def.
causes Reduce birth weight and postnatal growth
vit b12 def.
causes milk fever and skeletal abnormalities
vit d def.
alter osteogenesis and ossification
causing defects of extremities
hypervitaminosis D
causes myodegenration, neonatal deaths and incoordination in piglets, and stilbirthds in dogs
vit e def.
causes congenital enzootic ataxia or ___
swayback
copper def.
result of exposure to alkaloid plants
copper toxicity
causes hemolytic crisus
copper tox.
can lead to congenital goiter (hypothyroidism)
iodine def.
iodine def. may be caused of ingestion of ___
goitrogens in Brassica spp.
causes wool break
iodine def.
causes increased intrauterine mortality
Detrimental sa developing fetus
Reduced BW
Reduced growth rate
Alopecia
calcium toxicity
causes grass tetany
magnesium def.
copper is inhibited by antagonist ___
molybdenum
iron deficiency can lead to what type of anemia
Microcytic hypochromic anemia
any deficiency in Phosphorus affects the ___ which affects the bones leading to embryonic _____
Ca:P ratio
resorption
common in farms near junkyards,
lead toxicity
cause devt or physical defects in developing fetus or embryo
teratogens
fluconazoles are contraindicated in pregnancy T/F
true
albendazoles are safe but gestations should be _____days
> 45 days
T/F griseofulvin is embryotoxic
false. teratogenic
doxycycline is teratogenic T/F
false. embryotoxic
fungal toxicity is caused by metabolites called ___
mycotxins
toxin from a. flavus
aflatoxin
aspergillus strains causing sporadic abortions
a fumigatus
mycotoxins are Teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, _______
immunosuppressive
mycotoxins can be excreted in milk T/F
true
result of absorption of much of the fetal and placental fluids
mummification
caused by orbivirus causing hydraencephaly
bluetongue
associated with Dullness, inability to stand, impaired vision, disoriented
bluetongue
causes
- embryonic resorption
- gestation, abortion, stillbirth, mummification and neonatal mortalities
porcine herpesvirus 1
signs:
persistence infection (due to immune competence)
- mummification, abortion, premature birth and congenital malformations
bovine viral diarrheal virus
signs:
persistence infection (due to immune competence)
- mummification, abortion, premature birth and congenital malformations
bovine viral diarrheal virus
characteristics:
different outcomes
- embryonic mortality and resorption
- fetal death and mummifications
porcine parvovirus
causes embryonic death
- cerebellar hypoplasia, retinal dysplasia, fetal death and stillbirths
FPV
fetuses with lesions that are sufficiently extreme
fetal monsyers
fetuses with lesions that are sufficiently extreme
amorphus globosus
Fusion of orbits, brain and nose leading to anophthalmia and microphthalmia
cyclopia
Edema of the fetal membranes and placenta, maternal placenta, and fetus
dropsies
characterized by Severe necrotizing placentitis and abortion
brucellosis
most pathogenic brucella strain found in goats
b. melitensis
a condition that occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy.
hydramnios
a condition that occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy.
hydrallantois
Observed in fetus that died preterm
fetal ascites
Generalized subcutaneous edema
fetal anasarca
fetus with fetal anasarca can be carried up to due date
true
Absorption of much fetal and placental fluids
maceration
where decomposition in utero occurs
maceration
cyclopia occurs as the problem during fetal devt t/f
false. embryonic devt.
