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Dysrhythmias Flashcards

0
Q

What does a visible U wave indicate

A

Low potassium

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1
Q

What does a peaked T wave indicate

A

High potassium

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2
Q

What does a flattened T wave indicate

A

Ischemia

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3
Q

What does a deep Q wave indicate

A

Necrosis

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4
Q

What does a notch in the QRS complex indicate

A

Bundle branch block

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5
Q

dysrhythmia:

sinus node creates an impulse at a < normal rate

A

sinus bradycardia

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6
Q

what are some causes of sinus bradycardia

A 
athlete
vagal stimulation
⬇️ metabolic rate
❤️ disease
meds
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7
Q

which 3 meds are given to treat sinus bradycardia

A

Atropine
Dopamine
Epinephrine

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8
Q

dysrhythmia:

all atrial impulses are conducted through the AV node into the ventricle at a slower rate

A

1st degree AV block

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9
Q

how long is the conduction rate with 1st degree AV block

A

> 0.20 seconds

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10
Q

dysrhythmia:

all but 1 atrial impulse is conducted through the AV node

A

2nd degree AV block (type I)

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11
Q

which type of AV block is the PR interval progressively prolonged until the impulse is not conducted to ventricles

A

2nd degree AV block, type I

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12
Q

dysrhythmia:

only some atrial impulses are conducted through the AV node

A

2nd degree AV block, type II

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13
Q

which type of AV block is the PR interval constant but not all impulses are conducted

A

2nd degree AV block, type II

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14
Q

dysrhythmia:

complete block of all impulses to ventricles

A

3rd degree AV block

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15
Q

dysrhythmia:

AV node is the pacemaker instead of the SA node

A

junctional rhythm

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16
Q

what are 2 s/s that may be seen with junctional rhythm

A

⬇️ CO

inverted T waves

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17
Q

dysrhythmia:

sinus node creates an impulse at a faster than normal rate

A

sinus tachycardia

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18
Q

what are some causes of sinus tachycardia

A

⬆️ sympathetic tone
⬆️ metabolic demands
stimulants
stress

19
Q

how is sinus tachycardia treated

A

treat the cause

20
Q

dysrhythmia:

an electrical impulse starts in the atrium before the next normal impulse of the SA node

A

premature atrial complex (SVT)

21
Q

dysrhythmia:

uncoordinated electrical activation that causes a rapid, disorganized twitching of atrial musculature

A

atrial fibrilation

22
Q

what is the cause of A fib (2)

A

advanced age

❤️ disease

23
Q

what are the 4 tx options for A Fib

A

cardioversion
Amiodarone
Beta blocker
Calcium channel blocker

24
Q

dysrhythmia:

occurs because of a conduction defectin the atrium; causes a rapid, regular atrial rate from 250-400 x/min

A

atrial flutter

25
Q

pt’s w/ what 2 diseases are at risk for atrial flutter

A

COPD

❤️

26
Q

what are 2 tx options for atrial flutter

A

vagal manuever

Adenosine

27
Q

dysrhythmia:

an impulse that starts in a ventricle and is conducted before the next normal sinus impulse

A

PVC

28
Q

what are causes of PVC

A

electrolytes
hypoxia
myocardial irritation

29
Q

what may occur with frequent PVCs

A

⬇️ CO ➡️ V tach/V fib

30
Q

what is the tx for PVCs

A

Lidocaine

search for reversible causes

31
Q

dysrhythmia:

3+ PVCs in a row w/ HR > 100 bpm

A

ventricular tachycardia

32
Q

what are the causes of V tach

A

electrolytes
hypoxia
myocardial irritation

33
Q

what are tx for V tach

A 
cardioversion
defibrillation
Amiodarone
Lidocaine
Pronestyl
Betapace
34
Q

what is the tx for V tach if the pt has no pulse

A 
CPR
defibrillation
epinephrine
vasopression
Amiodarone
35
Q

dysrhythmia:

a rapid disorganized ventricular rhythm that causes ineffective quivering of the ventricles; no atrial activity

A

ventricular fibrillation

36
Q

what are some causes of V fib

A 
MI
unsuccessful tx of V tach
cardiomyopathy
proarrhythmic meds
electrolyes
electrical shock
37
Q

dysrhythmia:

absent QRS complexes confirmed by 2 leads

A

asystole

38
Q

what is the tx for asystole

A

CPR
defibrillation
epinephrine
vasopressin

39
Q

what are some causes of asystole

A 
hypoxia
acidosis
electrolytes
drug OD
cardiac tamponade
pneumothorax
clots
trauma
hypothermia
40
Q

MI - clots high in fibrin

A

STEMI

41
Q

MI - clots high in platelets

A

NSTEMI

42
Q

which side of the ❤️ does an anterior wall MI occur on

A

left

43
Q

which side of the ❤️ does an inferior wall MI occur on

A

right

44
Q

which wall of MI affects a major part of the ❤️ & lung; pt may do poorly

A

anterior wall

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