Dyspnea

Question 1

3 main categories of dyspnea causes

Answer 1

heart disease, lung disease, anemia

Question 2

5 categories of heart related dyspnea

Answer 2

endocardium- valve disease (AS, AR, MS, MR)

conduction problem- brady or tachycardia

myocardium- systolic or diastolic HF

coronary arteries- ischemia or infarct

pericardium- tamponade, constrictive pericarditis

Question 3

5 categories for lung related dyspnea

Answer 3

alveoli- pulmonary edema or PNA

airways- suprathoracic (laryneal edema, etc), intrathoracic (asthma, COPD)

blood vessels- PE, pulmonary HTN

pleural- PTX, pleural effusion (transudative vs exudative)

interstitial- edema, inflammatory (organic exposure, mineral exposure, idiopathic), infectious

Question 4

5 most common causes of dyspnea

Answer 4

HF, PNA, asthma, COPD, PE

Question 5

DDx w/ dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain

Answer 5

PNA, PE, asthma, COPD, PTX, exudative pleural effusion

Question 6

DDx w/ dyspnea and acute, non pleuritic chest pain

Answer 6

MI, dissection, PE, PNA, arrhythmias, PTX

Question 7

DDx w/ dyspnea and chronic/recurrent non pleuritic chest pain

Answer 7

angina (CAD, aortic stenosis, anemia), arrhythmias, asthma, COPD