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Clinical Reasoning > dyspnea > Flashcards

dyspnea Flashcards

1
Q

What are the associated symptoms of dyspnea? (10)

A 
CHF WACCIE W
Chest pain
Hemoptysis
Fever
Wheezing
Anxiety
Cough
Constitutional s/s
Itching
Edema
Weight loss
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2
Q

If someone presents with dyspnea and chest pain, what’s on the differential?

A 
MCPPP
MI
Cardiac Tamponade
PE
Pericarditis
Pneutmothroax
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3
Q

Fever can go along with what two things?

A

Pneumonia, PE

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4
Q

Nonproductive cough with dyspnea should bring up what differential?

A

Asthma, PE, GERD

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5
Q

Productive cough

A

chronic bronchitis, flash pulmonary edema, acute pneumonia

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6
Q

What are the constitutional symptoms?

A

fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue

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7
Q

Edema in extremities that is unilateral

A

DVT with PE

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8
Q

Bilateral edema in extremities

A

Cardiomyopathy, pericardial disease, pulmonary HTN

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9
Q

Worse when lying flat

A

Orthopnea–> CHF

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10
Q

Better when they lay on one particular side

A

Trepopnea (unilateral effusion)

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11
Q

Someone says they have sharp, unilateral chest pain that increases with respiration. What is this called and what should you be worried about?

A 
Pleuritic CP (an alarm symptom)
PE, PTX, pneumonia
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12
Q

Someone comes in with lip swelling, hives, AND wheezing.

A

Alarm symptoms, anaphylaxis or angioedema

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13
Q

Dyspnea with substernal CP

A

Alarm symptom.

Acute MI

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14
Q

Pink frothy sputum

A

Alarm symptom for flash pulmonary edema

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15
Q

Fever with sputum production

A

Alarm symptom for pneumonia or bronchitis

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16
Q

Fever with worsening sore throat and hoarse voice

A

Alarm symptom for epiglotitis

17
Q

What are problems that can happen in the upper airway to produce dyspnea?

A

Foreign body, epiglotitis

18
Q

What are problems that can occur in the bronchi that produce dyspnea?

A

Asthma, acute bronchitis

19
Q

Problems in alveoli that produce dyspnea?

A

Emphysema, interstitial lung disease

20
Q

Example of external compression

A

Pneumothorax

21
Q

What are examples of lung circulation problems that would cause dyspnea?

A

PE, Pulmonary HTN, Left sided heart failure

22
Q

What are examples of hemoglobin disorders that would cause dyspnea?

A

Anemia, CO poisoning

23
Q

What are conditions that would increase respiratory drive?

A

Hypoxia, metabolic acidosis

24
Q

Physical signs of acute dyspnea

A

2-3 words before stopping
Nasal flaring
Cyanosis
Accessory muscle use

25
Q

Causes of acute dyspnea

A 
POP PAMP
Pulmonary Edema
Obstructed Airway
Pneumothorax
PE
Asthma/COPD
MI/tamponade
Pneumonia, bronchitis
26
Q

Chronic dyspnea with unclear etiology will end up being one of what?

A 
COPD
Asthma
Interstitial lung disease
Myocardial dysfunction
Obesity/deconditioning
27
Q

Chronic dypsnea with cardiovascular etiology will be one of what?

A 
Cardiomyopathy
Ischemia
Regurg, stenosis, infection
Effusion
Inflammation (pericardium)

Clinical Reasoning (3 decks)

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