Dyslipidemia Drugs Flashcards
What is the full name for HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors?
Hydroxymethylglutatylcoenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors
What are a few examples of HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors?
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Pravastatin (Pravachol)
Simvastatin (Zocor)
Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
What are HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors used for?
Reduce LDL levels (work the best)
Reduce triglycerides
Reduce the total serum cholesterol
Not very good at increasing HDL
OTHER: prominent role in post-stroke care
What are the HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors action?
Inhibits the enzymes that control cholesterol synthesis
What are the SE of HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors?
GI upset
Rash
Headache
Increases risk of rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of skeletal muscle) (older adults)
Myopathy
Hepatotoxicity
What is an example of a fibrate?
Fenofibrate (Tricor)
What is the action of a fibrate?
Increase oxidation of fatty acids within the liver
What are the uses of fibrates?
Reduces triglycerides
Reduces LDL levels
Increases HDL
What are some SE of fibrates?
GI upset
Diarrhea
Gallstones
What are some nursing considerations for fibrates?
Take with food
When taken with anticoagulants, Warfarin, it increases the amount of it in the system, making it toxic
What are some examples of Bile Acid Sequestrants?
Cholestyramine (Questran)
What is the action of Bile Acid Sequestrants?
Lowers serum cholesterol by binding with bile acids
What are the uses of Bile Acid Sequestrants?
Reduces LDL
(it has no effect on the HDL)
How are Bile Acid Sequestrants administered?
It is a powder, so it is sprinkled on top of t=the pt’s food
It needs to be absorbed in the intestine
What are a few drug interactions to watch out for with Bile Acid Sequestrants?
Anticoagulants
Thyroid Meds
Digoxin
Thiazide Diuretics
What are the SE of Bile Acid Sequestrants?
GI upset
Decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamins
What is an example of a Nicotinic Acid?
Niacin (vitamin B3)
What are the uses of Nicotinic Acids?
Increases HDL
Decreases LDL
Decreases triglycerides
What are some SE of Nicotinic Acids?
GI upset
Vasodilation
What are some contraindications of Nicotinic Acids?
PUD
Hepatic Disease
Cerebrovascular Disease
Hypotension
What is an example of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
What is the action of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?
Blocks the absorption of cholesterol
What are some side effects of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?
Cholelithiasis
What are some combination therapies to avoid?
Niacin and Statin
Fibrate and Statin
Why might combination therapy be needed?
It is used when monotherapy is ineffective
It may be needed to combine actions so that HDL can be increased and LDL can be decreased
What are important patient education points when learning about dyslipidemia drugs?
Screening for dyslipidemia
Lifestyle and diet changes first
Medications for uncontrolled levels
Explain genetic risk factors
Information for new medications
Resources for lowering levels
