Dyslipidemia Flashcards
Who should be screened for dyslipidemia assuming no comorbidities or risk factors?
- age?
- what ethnicities should be screened earlier?
men and women 40+
women postmenopausal
*earlier if South Asian or First Nations
Patients with these comorbidities should be screened for dyslipidemia:
- atherosclerosis
- AAA
- DM
- HTN (including in pregnancy)
- smoking
- stigmata
- CKD
- obesity (BMI 30+)
- HIV
- any inflammatory disease
- COPD
- ED
Patients with this family history should be screened for dyslipidemia:
-family hx premature CVD
(men <55, women <65)
-family hx dyslipidemia
Strongest risk factor for CVD:
-age
45+ males
55+ females
What are 4 other leading risk factors for CVD:
- smoking
- DM
- HTN
- high cholesterol/abnormal lipids
When is fasting lipids recommended?
if known high triglycerides (TG > 4.5)
How often should CV risk be calculated using a risk calculator?
q5 years for men and women 40-75
When should urine ACR be ordered with labwork?
- eGFR <60
- HTN
- DM
Framingham risk score
- range for low risk?
- range for intermediate risk?
- range for high risk?
low risk: FRS <10%
Intermediate risk: FRS 10-19.9%
high risk: FRS 20%+
What is the first line treatment if Framingham is low risk?
health behaviour modifications
diet
exercise
smoking
What is the exercise recommendation for dyslipidemia?
150 min/week moderate vigorous exercise
strength training 2 days/week
Statin indicated conditions
- diabetes: criteria
- CKD: criteria
DM: age 40+
OR
30+ with dx of 15 years
OR microvascular complications
CKD: age 50+
and
eGFR <60 or
ACR >3
Statin indicated conditions:
ASCVD: criteria
- MI/ACS
- stable angina
- CVA, TIA, carotid disease
- PAD, claudication, ABI <0.9
- AAA
Common side effects of statins?
- muscle pain, myopathy, myositis
- rhabdomyolysis
- headache
- liver injury (caution if ALT 3x N)
