Dyslipadeamia Flashcards
what variety of dyslipidaemai are there
primary hyertriglyceridaemida
primary hyprcholesterolaemia
Mixed pattern
What are some of the common causes of secondary dyslipidaemia
Hypothyroidism Nephrotic sx T2DM Cholestasis anorexia nervosa obesity kidney impairement alcohol abuse smoking
What are the some major risk factors for Cornoary Artery Dx
Increased LDL + decreased HDL
ratio LDL/HDL >4
the higher the level the higher the risk
what risk of CAD is there with cholesterol level >7.8mmol
90%!
what is the significance of TG >10mmol?
increases rates of pancreatitis
why is reduction important?
because even a reduction of 10% of total cholesterol gives a 20% reduction of CAD in 3yrs
what should you do if you get an elevated cholesterol level?
repeat in 6-8 weeks to confirm
what are the recommended treatment goals for:
- Total cholesterol
- LDL
- HDL
- TG
Total cholesterol -1.0
TG <1.5
Treat all risk factors
What level of cholesterol requires treatment? in patients with - existing coronary heart dx
> 4.0
What level of cholesterol requires treatment? in patients with high risk and one or more of:
DM
familial Hypercholestrolaemia
fam Hx of CAD in 1st degree relative
> 6.5
or
5.5 with HDL
What level of cholesterol requires treatment? in patients with HDL <1?
> 6.5 cholesterol
What level of cholesterol requires treatment? in men aged 35-75yrs or postmenopausal women up to 75yrs?
those with cholesterol >7.5
or
TG >4
What level of cholesterol requires treatment? in patients incl men <35yrs or women pre-menopauasal without any other risk factors?
> 9 cholesterol
or
Tg >8
what are some of the non-pharmacological measures to reduce cholesterol level
Dietary measures
Exercise
Cessation of smoking
what dietary measures can you take to reduce cholesterol level
keep to ideal weight reduce fat intake - esp dairy and meat avoid fast food and deep fried replace saturated fats with mono or polyunsaturated used approved cooking methods - grilling and steaming increase complex carbs reduce alcohol intake increase water intake high fibre diet - esp fruit and veg eat fish bi weekly
