Dyslexia Flashcards
What are reading and writing considered in terms of human inventions?
Relatively recent human inventions
How many phonemes are there in the English language?
44 phonemes
What condition affects approximately 1 in 10 people and is related to difficulties in reading?
Developmental dyslexia
What can dyslexia lead to in children due to their reading difficulties?
Loss of confidence, frustration, rebellion, aggression, delinquency
What are some areas where dyslexics can display great talents?
- Sport
- Science
- Computing
- Commerce
- Arts
What is crucial for understanding dyslexia in order to help affected individuals?
Understanding the biological basis of dyslexia
What is the primary process involved in learning to read?
Recognising alphabetic visual symbols in their right order and hearing separate sounds in words
What do dyslexics struggle with in terms of orthographic and phonological features of words?
Slow and inaccurate analysis
What system is responsible for visual control of the eye movement during reading?
Magnocellular system
What does the magnocellular system specialize in?
Responding to moving stimuli
What visual issue do many dyslexics experience while reading?
Letters seem to move around and change places
What auditory problems do many dyslexics experience?
Difficulty putting sounds of words in the right order
What is a common mispronunciation problem among dyslexics?
Mispronouncing words (e.g., lollypop as pollylop)
What is the role of large auditory neurons in dyslexics?
They track changes in sound frequency and intensity
What developmental issue is linked to dyslexia beyond visual and auditory problems?
Impaired development of brain cells for tracking temporal changes
How does the magnocellular system relate to the cerebellum?
It provides a large input to the cerebellum
What physical skill do some dyslexics struggle with due to cerebellar function impairment?
Handwriting
What is essential for the treatment of dyslexia?
Early diagnosis
What are the two forms of acquired dyslexia mentioned?
- Surface dyslexia
- Deep dyslexia
What has been suggested to help dyslexics improve sound processing?
Playing computer games with slowed down sounds
What perceptual judgments might dyslexics be slightly better at compared to good readers?
- Colour distinctions
- Global shape discriminations
Name a few notable individuals who were dyslexic.
- Leonardo da Vinci
- Hans Christian Andersen
- Edison
- Einstein
What is the website mentioned for more information about dyslexia?
http://www.sfn.org/content/Publications/BrainBriefings/dyslexia.html
