Dyshpagia

Question 1

What are consequences of dysphagia?

Answer 1

Aspiration pneumonia

Reduced quality of life

Increased financial cost

Malnutrition/dehydration

Increased lenght of stay at hospital

Question 2

Definition of dysphagia

At what part of the swallowing phase does dysphagia occur?

Cause of Dysphagia

Answer 2

A swallowing disorder where food/fluid enter the airways below the vocal folds. Dysphagia can refer to any part of the swallow, including the esophageal phase (speech pathology focus in on the oral and pharyngeal phases).

Can follow a stroke, neurological condition that caused damage to brain stem and cortex and nervous system (Parkinson, multiple sclerosis, dementia, motor neurone disease) brain tumours

Question 3

What are the psychological impacts of dysphagia?

Answer 3

Depression frustration embarrassment eating less due to food not being enjoyed anymore, this can provoke anxiety fear (possibility of choking)

Question 4

Signs of dehydration

Answer 4

poor skin tugor darkened urine dry mucous membranes

Question 5

Consequence of poor nutrition

Answer 5

fatigue depression muscle degradation

Question 6

What is silent aspiration?

Answer 6

Aspiration of food without clinical signs (coughing, wet voice). An x-ray is required to diagnose this.

Question 7

What is laryngeal penetration?

Answer 7

When a substance enters the airway but doesn’t progress all the way into the lungs.

Question 8

Name the phases of swallowing

Answer 8

Oral preparatory phase

oral transit phase

Pharyngeal phase

Esopharyngeal phase

Question 9

The process of swallowing (image)

Answer 9

Question 10

Anatomy relevant for swallowing

Answer 10

Question 11

What is aspiration

Answer 11

Food/fluid entering the airways