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Physics > Dynamics; Newton's Laws of Motion; Forces; Forces Applied at an Angle & Inclined Planes > Flashcards

Dynamics; Newton's Laws of Motion; Forces; Forces Applied at an Angle & Inclined Planes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is dynamics?

A

Dynamics is the study of the relationship between force and motion.

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2
Q

What is a force?

A

A force is a push or pull which may result in a change in velocity or causing deformation.

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3
Q

Contact Forces

A

(Touching)

When two objects in PHYSICAL contact with each other exert a force on one another.

Ex: hitting a baseball, friction, braking

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4
Q

Field Forces

A

(Act at a distance/not physically touching)

Are the result of the interaction of fields.

Ex: gravitational, electrostatic, and magnetic fields all produce forces with out physical contact.

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5
Q

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION – THE LAW OF INERTIA

  • What is inertia?
A
  • Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in velocity.
  • Inertia is DIRECTLY related to MASS and NOT related to velocity.
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6
Q

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW STATES

A

An object at rest will stay at rest, and in an object in motion remains in motion (same direction, constant speed) unless acted upon by an UNBALANCED force.

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7
Q

Equilibrium

A
  • Forces are balanced. (The more mass you have the harder it is to stop)
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8
Q

Equilibrium is a state in which…

A

opposing forces or influences are BALANCED.

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9
Q

STATIC EQUILIBRIUM

A

Object is at rest and stays at rest.

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10
Q

DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM

A

Object is moving at a constant velocity. (NO change in SPEED or DIRECTION)

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11
Q

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION (F=ma) states…

A

Unbalanced forces acting on an object will produce an acceleration.
- Acceleration is DIRECTLY proportional to force and INVERSELY (not related) proportional to mass.

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12
Q

What is a Newton made up from using MKS units?

A

1N = 1kg X 1m/s^2 = kg(m/s^2) OR (kgXm/s^2)

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13
Q

The force of gravity - Weight

A

Weight = mass X gravity, is a special case of F=ma where weight is the force and the acceleration is due to gravity.

Weight = Fg (for force due to gravity)

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14
Q

Free Body Diagrams

A
  • Used to show forces on an object

- Vector diagram for forces

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15
Q

What is Fnet?

A

Fnet is the sum of the forces acting in the direction of motion (vertical or horizontal.)

It is the resultant (vector sum) of all the force vectors on an object.

Fnet = E (summation notation) = F1+F2+……Fn=ma

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16
Q

NEWTON’S THIRD LAW OF MOTION

A

For every action the is an equal and opposite reaction.
The force on one object is equal and opposite to the force on the other.
Object resting on a table: weight pushes down on the table.

17
Q

book on a table not moving Why doesn’t the book or table move?

A

The table pushes back with an equal and opposite force called the normal force (Fn.)

18
Q

FALLING OBJECTS

What are the forces on a falling object?

A

The force of gravity (Fg) and air resistance (Ff).

19
Q

What is friction?

A

Friction is a force between 2 surfaces in contact, which is parallel to the surface and opposite the directions n of motion.

20
Q

What variables affect friction?

A

Weight… Type of surfaces in contact… Normal force

21
Q

Is normal force always equal to weight?

A

NO - they are not equal if other vertical forces are present.

22
Q

STATIC FRICTION

A

(Objects NOT in motion)

Static friction opposes the START of motion.

23
Q

KINETIC FRICTION

A

(Sliding)

Kinetic friction is a force between surfaces in motion - it resists motion.

24
Q

Fstatic>Fkinetic tells us…

A

it is harder to start an object moving than it is to keep an object moving.

25
Q

When Forces are applied at angles other than 90° & 0° we need to…

A

Resolve the force into its component vectors.

26
Q

An inclined plane is…

A
  • a type of simple machine.

- large and flat object that is tilted so that one end is higher than the other

27
Q

Background information of inclined planes

A
  • The greater the angle of the inclined surface, the faster an object will slide down the incline.
  • There are always at least 2 forced acting on an object in an inclined plane Fg & FN
28
Q

The normal force is always

A

perpendicular to the inclined surface.

29
Q

The gravitational force (weight) is always

A

in a downward incline.

Physics (3 decks)

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