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Yr12 Physics > Dynamics 2 > Flashcards

Dynamics 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is tension

A

the pulling force between atoms in a rope etc. to stop it snapping

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2
Q

What is lift

A

Upwards force keeping planes in the sky. Gas molecules applying upwards force to a solid

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3
Q

What is drag

A

Resistive forces acting against motion e.g. friction, air resistance, etc.

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4
Q

What is friction

A

The force between object and rough surface as object moves over it. Acts in opposition to motion

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5
Q

What is the normal reaction force

A

Contact force perpendicular to surface

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6
Q

Newton’s first law

A

A body will continue in a state of rest or moving with constant velocity unless acted upon by an external resultant force.

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7
Q

Newton’s second law?

A

The rate of change on an object’s momentum is equal to the external force. The change in momentum takes place in the direction of the force.

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8
Q

Newton’s third law?

A

if object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts an equal and opposite force on object A.

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9
Q

When stationary or moving with constant velocity, what is resultant force

A

0N

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10
Q

Define equilibrium

A

object in equilibrium has constant velocity. acceleration is 0, resultant force = 0.

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11
Q

Define energy

A

the ability to do work.

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12
Q

what are 5 types of energy

A

gravitational potential
kinetic
thermal
elastic potential
chemical

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13
Q

state the principle of conservation of energy

A

energy may neither be created nor destroyed, but may be changed from one form to another

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14
Q

Define gravitational potential nenergy and what is the formula

A

the energy an object has because of its position in a gravitational field
ΔEP = m * g * Δh

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15
Q

Define kinetic energy and what is the formula

A

the energy a moving mass has,
KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

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16
Q

what is work done and what is the formula

A

the force * the distance moved in the direction of the force (measured in Nm or J),
W = F * s

( or The amount of energy transferred from one form to another)

17
Q

If force is not the same direction as distance moved, what formula for work done?

A

W = F * s * cos θ, where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of travel.

18
Q

WHat is the area under a force - distance graph give

A

work done

19
Q

what is the formula for elastic potential energy

A

E = 0.5 * F * ΔL

where F = k * ΔL

20
Q

WHat is the definition of power and what is the formula.

A

the rate of doing work, or rate of transferring energy from one form to another (i.e. the work done per second),
P = ΔW / Δt

21
Q

what can the work done and power equations be combined to give

A

P = F * v

22
Q

what is the formula for efficiency

A

useful energy out / total energy in

23
Q

how to convert from Jules to kilowatt hours.

A

divide by 3.6*10^6

24
Q

what is momentum

A

p = m * v
momentum = mass * velocity

25
Q

is momentum a vector or scalar

A

vector, so has magnitude and direction.

26
Q

What is the conservation of momentum

A

the magnitude and direction of the total momentum of a system remain constant providing no external resultant force acts.

27
Q

WHat is the difference between an elastic collision or an inelastic one

A

in elastic, KE is conserved, total KE before = total KE after

in inelastic collision, KE is not conserved

28
Q

what is a perfectly inelastic collision

A

the maximum amount of kinetic energy in a system is lost. the objects involved stick together and move away together

29
Q

what is the formula for newton’s second law

A

ΣF = ma

30
Q

what is the formula for impulse

A

impulse = Ft
impulse = force * time
impulse = (m * v) - (m * u)
impulse = change in momentum

31
Q

what is thinking distance formula

A

s = u * t
s = initial speed * reaction time

32
Q

what is braking distance formula

A

s = 0.5 * u * t
s = 0.5 * intitial speed * stopping time

33
Q

what is stopping distance

A

thinking distance + braking distance

34
Q

what are examples of car safety features

A

airbag
crumple zone
collapsible steering wheel
bumpers

Yr12 Physics (16 decks)

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