Dynamics Flashcards
What are scalers
Scalars are quantities defined by their size and magnitude
What are vectors
Vectors are quantities which are defined by their size/magnitude and direction
Name examples of a scalar
Speed
Distance
Mass
Time
Energy
Power
Name examples of a vector quantity
Velocity
Displacement
Weight
Force
Acceleration
Momentum
How do you add vectors together
Tip to tail
What is distance?
Total length of a journey
What is displacement?
The shortest path between two points in a given direction from the starting point
What is speed a measure of?
The distance an object covers in a set time
What is the equation to work out the horizontal component of the vector?
V (horizontal) = V cos(X)
What is the equation of the vertical component of the vector?
V (vertical) = V sin(X)
What are the values used in the equation of motion?
U = initial speed
V = final speed
a = acceleration
s = displaced
t = time
What does the gradient of a displacement time graph represent
Velocity
What does the area under a velocity time represent
The displacement of the object
What does the gradient of a velocity time graph represent
Acceleration
What is newtons 1st law of motion
An object will remain stationary or travelling at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
What is newton 2nd law of motion
Force (unbalanced force) = mass x acceleration
F=ma
What is newtons 3 rd law of motion
If A exerts a force on B, B exerts an equal but opposite force on A
What are frictional forces
Frictional forced are vector quantities that oppose the motion
How do frictional forces increase
When the speed of the object increases
What is the equation for the perpendicular component of the weight
W (perpendicular) = mg cos(X)
What is the equation for the parallel component of the weight
W (parallel) = mg sin (x)
What is the rule of energy conservation
Energy is always conserved
Energy cannot be created or destroyed only converted from one for to another
What is the rule of conservation of momentum
Total momentum before is equal to the total momentum after
What happens to the energy in an inelastic collision
Energy is not conserved (Ek before ≠ Ek after)
What happens to the energy in an elastic collision
Energy is conserved (Ek before = Ek after)
What is impulse
The amount of time you apply force to something
What is impulse measure in
Newton seconds (Ns-1)
What is impulse equal to
Change in momentum
What can be worked out from the area if a force time graph
Impulse
