dynamic earth

Question 1

Original Horizontality

Answer 1

Rocks are originally deposited in flat, horizontal layers

Question 2

Strata

Answer 2

A layer of rock

Question 3

Folding

Answer 3

Rock layers that are bent over and show a curv

Question 4

Faulting

Answer 4

Rock layers that have been off-set (they are not aligned) due to an earthquake

Question 5

Uplift

Answer 5

Rock layers/crust that is pushed upwards above sea level

Question 6

Earthquake

Answer 6

Rapid and sudden shaking of the Earth as stress is released

Question 7

Focus

Answer 7

The point inside the lithosphere where stress is released resulting in an earthquake

Question 8

Epicenter

Answer 8

The point directly above the focus on Earth’s surface where the Earthquake is located and first felt

Question 9

Seismic Waves

Answer 9

Another name for earthquake waves

Question 10

P-waves

Answer 10

arrive first, faster, compressional waves, push-pull motion, travel through liquid and solids, weaker/less destructive

Question 11

S-waves

Answer 11

Secondary waves - arrive second, slower, shear wave, side to side motion,n travel through solids only, stronger/more destructive

Question 12

Seismometer

Answer 12

A tool used to record seismic activity/when earthquake waves are felt at a city

Question 13

seismogram

Answer 13

The recording or actual graph of the P- and S-waves at a seismic cit

Question 14

Travel time

Answer 14

Travel time

HOW LONG it takes the P- and S-waves to travel a certain distance

Question 15

Origin Time

Answer 15

The TIME the earthquake HAPPENED

Question 16

Arrival Time

Answer 16

The TIME the earthquake reaches a seismic city.

* there is a separate arrival time for the P- and S-waves.

Question 17

Epicenter Distance

Answer 17

HOW FAR the seismic station/city is FROM the earthquake

Question 18

Difference between P- and S-waves travel time

Answer 18

Difference between P- and S-waves travel time
The time between the P-wave and the S-wave reaching a particular distance.
The gap recorded on the ESRT between the P- and S-wave curves for a certain distance.
You find the difference by subtracting:
S-wave MINUS p- wave.