Dynamic Cities Flashcards
How is the UK’s population changing?
Increased by around 1-2M every 10 years
What is population density?
Average number of people in a given area as people per km2
Where is the UK densely populated?
London, Birmingham, Manchester (big cities)
Where is the UK less densely populated?
Northern Scotland
What is there more of in densely populated areas?
The services and facilities are better, there are more job opportunities and more availabilities
What are core regions?
Important urban areas that drive the country’s economy, political decisions and main systems
What four factors affect population?
Birth rate
Death rate
Infant mortality
Migration
Birth rate
Number of babies born per 1000 each year
increased: religion issues
decreased: contraception, educational opportunities
Death rate
The number of people who die each year per 1000
increased: disease
decreased: better quality of life
Infant mortality
The number of children who die before age 1
increased: birth defects, interbreeding
decreased: good healthcare and vaccinations
Migration
Movement of people from one place to another
increased: safer, good economy, jobs, healthcare
decreased: Brexit
What is employment structure?
Employment structure of a country is a way of showing how developed a country is
What are the 4 industries?
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
Primary industry
This industry collects raw materials and are used by people to make things
- fishing, farming
Secondary industry
This industry is known as the manufacturing sector and uses raw materials to make things
- factories
- textiles
Tertiary industry
This is the service industry, specialist services
- hairdresser
- NHS
- Emergency services
- Teachers
Quaternary industry
This is the high-tech industry which furthers careers
- Research and development
- IT
Why have primary and secondary industries declined?
They cannot make as much money as in a lot of circumstances, technology has taken over and jobs tend to be very laborous in primary and secondary industries.
What has decline in primary and secondary industries led to?
Deindustrialisation
- closing of factories which leads to unemployment
What is deindustrialisation?
A decline in the importance of industrial activity for a place.
Concept of globalisation
- People being more connected and versatile
- Countries import and export products like food, toys and clothes because we now have the facilities to do so
Globalisation
The increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through the movement of goods, services and international trades.
Drawbacks of globalisation
- disease
- exploitation
Advantages of globalisation
- communicate with people instantly
- transport
- travel
- social media
- imported items
- technology
- cars
TNC and what are they?
Transnational corporations are companies that have become international to make more money
What do TNC’s do?
- explore foreign resources
- produce in developing countries
- find lowest cost locations
- sell products globally
Globalisation has led to
spread of TNC’s
TATA
- TNC
- 1868, Mumbai, India
- employs in six continents, over 100 countries
- Jaguar Land Rover, Titan, Tetley Tea
