Dx/Sx/Test

Question 1

Markers for
bone build up

1

Answer 1

ALP

osteocalcin

Question 2

Markers for bone
breakdown.

2

Answer 2

Urine DPD or

telopeptides (hydroxyproline)

Question 3

Alkaline phosphatase ALP

Answer 3

Paget’s

Looser’s zones,

Question 4

PTH, Kidney Function T, Ca.

Answer 4

Kidney (bone disease)

Question 5

PTH

Answer 5

Hyperparathyroid

Question 6

Vitamin D, Ca,
albumin, Parathyroid
hormone, creatinine.

Answer 6

Osteomalacia

Question 7

M protein, Kidney F T, Ca

Answer 7

Myeloma

Question 8

ALP, Cancer markers.

Answer 8

Cancer

Question 9

Hormone (T4, GH,

Oestrogen).

Answer 9

Endocrine

Question 10

DPD, Telopeptides.

Answer 10

Drug

Question 11

Rheumatoid factor RF

Answer 11

RA

Question 12

ANA, anti dsDNA

malar flush

Answer 12

Systemic lupus

Question 13

Anti Ro, anti La

Dry eyes, mouth

Answer 13

Sjorgen’s

Question 14

Anti-Scl-70

Answer 14

Scleroderma

Question 15

CRP, anti Jo 1, CK

Answer 15

Dermatopolymyositis

Question 16

STD or GI bacteria

Answer 16

Reiter’s (reactive arthritis)

Question 17

Urate, calcium, phosphate

Answer 17

Gout

Question 18

Anti RNP

Answer 18

Mixed connective

diseases

Question 19

HLA-B27

Answer 19

Ankylosing

spondylitis

Question 20

Markers for muscle damage.

4

Answer 20

CK,
myoglobin, Na,
Ca.

Question 21

Markers for muscle breakdown.

3

Answer 21

CK, myoglobin, creatinine

Question 22

CSF protein, glucose

Answer 22

Meningitis

Question 23

CSF oligoclonal banding

Antibodies vs myelin sheath.

Emotional, visual, problems, muscle, gait

Answer 23

MS

Question 24

HbA1c

Answer 24

Diabetes

Question 25

Antiacetylcholine receptor

Answer 25

Myasthenia gravis

Question 26

CK, myoglobin

Answer 26

Muscle related trauma

Question 27

K

Answer 27

periodic paralysis

Question 28

Pb, cocaine, steroids

Answer 28

Poisonings

Question 29

CK, GGT

Answer 29

Alcoholism

Question 30

Na, K, Ca, Mg

Answer 30

Electrolyte imbalance

Question 31

Blood glucose

Answer 31

Hypoglycaemia

Focal signs, coma

Question 32

CRP, ESR

Answer 32

Temporal arteritis,

vasculitis

Question 33

DDx for Delirium

Young (1)

Middle-aged (1)

Elderly (2)

Answer 33

drug abuse

cerebrovascular (TIA)

UTI/infection, prescribed drugs

Question 34

Ca, B12, TSH to
rule out similar
diseases

Answer 34

Alzheimer

Question 35

Dexamethasone

Answer 35

Depression

Dexamethasone is a type of corticosteroid medication. It is used in the treatment of many conditions, including rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, croup, brain swelling, and along with antibiotics in tuberculosis.

Question 36

Dopamine antagonist, Li

Answer 36

Parkinson’s

Question 37

Alcohol, gases, CK, GGT.

Psychosis, muscle, liver, kidney etc.

Answer 37

Alcohols
(ethanol,
methanol)

Question 38

Lead, other metals, porphyrins

Neuropathy, dementia,
Psychosis.

Answer 38

Heavy metal

poisoning

Question 39

TSH, free T4

Retardation

Answer 39

Cretinism

Question 40

Ceruloplasmin

Psychosis

Answer 40

Wilson’s

Question 41

Amino acids

Retardation

Answer 41

Phenylketon U

Question 42

CBC, glucose

80% of the time a coagulation problem

TIA, paralysis

Answer 42

Stroke

Question 43

Antibodies, CD #, Cryptococcus

Answer 43

HIV AIDS

Question 44

CRP and prednisone

Answer 44

Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 45

CBC, ferritin, iron, Total
Iron Binding Capacity
TIBC.

Answer 45

Anaemia, small and pale

Question 46

CBC, PT, APTT,
haemoglobin
electrophoresis

Answer 46

Blood losses,

haemolysis

Question 47

CBC, vitamin B12, folate, TSH

Answer 47

Anaemia, large and pale

Question 48

CBC, EPO.

Answer 48

Polycythaemia

Question 49

CBC, ferritin,
iron, total iron
binding capacity

Answer 49

Iron deficiency

Question 50

CBC, Hb

electrophoresis

Answer 50

Beta

Thalassaemia.

Question 51

CBC, film, lead

Answer 51

Lead poisoning

Question 52

Blood loss

Haemolysis

Answer 52

Reticulocytes

Question 53

B12 with / without intrinsic factor

Answer 53

Pernicious

anaemia

Question 54

Genetic, drugs,
Liver, Thyroid FT,
reticulocytes,
haemolysis tests

Answer 54

Myelodysplasia,
chronic liver
disease,
hypothyroidism

Question 55

CBC, blood gases, 
Pulmonary FT,  
Cardiac  FT, 
Haemoglobin
electrophoresis

Answer 55

Hypoxia

Question 56

Serum ferritin

Serum transferrin

Serum iron binding capacity

Answer 56

iron storage

iron transport

transport, is transferrin

Question 57

White cell count increase

Neutrophil, monocyte increase

lymphocytes increase

eosinophils/basophils

Answer 57

infection/inflammation

phagocytosis

increase immune function

allergy

Question 58

CBC, PT, APTT, platelet aggregation

Answer 58

too little clotting

Question 59

PT, APTT

Answer 59

too much clotting

Question 60

Pruritus, itching - dry skin

Answer 60

ESR, CRP

most common

Question 61

Cholestasis

Answer 61

ALP,ALT,bilirubin

pregnancy, PBC

Question 62

Polycythaemia

Answer 62

CBC

shower 15-50%

Question 63

IgE,CBC,complement

Answer 63

food allergy

Question 64

ALT, HBsAg

Answer 64

Hep B

Question 65

Diabetes
mellitus,
cancers

Hyperkeratotic
velvety plaques

Answer 65

Acanthosis

nigricans

Question 66

Blue = lung = lung FT
Green = psudomonas = culture
Yellow = sinusitis
Brown or black = melanoma = biopsy

Answer 66

OK

Question 67

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia

low MCHC, low MCV

Answer 67

iron deficiency anemia, thalassemias

Question 68

Normochromic, macrocytic anemia

normal MCHC, but high MCV

Answer 68

Vit B12 or folate deficiency

Question 69

Normochromic (colour), normocytic (size) anemia

normal MCHC and MCV

Answer 69

anemias of chronic disease, hemolytic anemias (accelerated RBC destruction), anemia of acute hemorrhage, acute blood loss