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Opthalmology > Dvt > Flashcards

Dvt Flashcards

1
Q

More the cornea power

A

More myopic axis more the steeper axis more cornea curvature

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2
Q

Spherical equilant

A

Take spherical power as its
1/2 the cylinder
Then add numerically

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3
Q

Phacoemulsification

A

Incision 2.75-3.2 mm,clear cornea>limbus

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4
Q

Hydrodessection(water under capsule)contra indicated in

A

Posterior polar catract

Njcleus drop into vitreous

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5
Q

Teating vision of children

A

Teller chart prferential acquitybtest

Visual evoked reaponsw

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6
Q

Glare at night

Eching pearl

A

Post subcapsularcataract
Posterior capsular opacification after cataract sx
Rx laser capsulotomy

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7
Q

High chance for Esophoria

A

Hypermetrops

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8
Q

Panda sign seen in

A

B/l periorbital edema with anterior cranial fossa fracture

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9
Q

First visula fiedlf defect in glaucomay

A

Paracentarak scotoma

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10
Q

ETDRs/Log MAR chart(early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study)

A

Done frome 4 m
Each line has 5 letters
Better for research /amblyopia

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11
Q

Pelli robson chart

A

Contrst chart

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12
Q

Farnsworth munsell 100 hue test

A

Test for colour visoon

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13
Q

Gold standard to see optic disc and macula(central retina)

A

Slit lamp biomicroscopu

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14
Q

Direct opthalmoscope

A

Diatnce need 25 cm
Normal —red reflex
Virtual erect image
Magnification+power of eye /4

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15
Q

Oil droplet reflex

A

Keratoconus

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16
Q

Oil globular refelx

A

Anterior lenticonus

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17
Q

Indirect opthalmoscopy/fundoscopy

A

Entire retina
Real inverted image
Magnification=power of eye/power of lens

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18
Q

Emmetropia

A

All rays fall on a songle point on retina

Far point -infinity

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19
Q

All rays fall behind the retina

A

Hypermetropia

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20
Q

Far point of myopia

A

Infront of eye

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21
Q

Diopter into meter

A

Far point =1/2 m
Eg-2D
1/2 m
100\2 =50 cm

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22
Q

Near vision/accomodation

A

Ciliary body contarcts
Zonules relaxanterior lens curvature increases
Converging

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23
Q

Who has more accomodation

A

Hypermeyrope accomodate more—esophoria

Myopes less accomodates—exophoria

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24
Q

Age and accomodation

A

With increase in age accomodation decreses and near point increases
Known as prebyopia

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25
Q

Hydrodelination

A

Water inside lens fibres

26
Q

IOL implantation best position

A

Posterior chamber

27
Q

What happens to accomodation after cataract sx

A

Accomodation is lost

28
Q

Management of congenital cataract

A

Lens aspiration+posterior capaulorhexia+anterior vitrectomy+IOL

29
Q

Leucocoria

A

Most vommon cause of congenital catract
After sx accomodation is lost
Near glasses are neded

30
Q

Post cataract ax complication

A

Shallow ac with high IOp
Pupil block:glaucoma
Iris bomBe

31
Q

Shallow ac eg

A

Glaucoma
Aquous misdirection syndrome/maligannat glaucoma
Aupra choroidal hemorrhage

32
Q

Post catract ax low iop

A

Wound leak

Aiedek tust positive

33
Q

Retina fibres

A

Pappili macular bundle fibres—involved in optic neuropathies

2) radiating fibres—most resistant to glaucoma changes
3) arcuate fibres—bherrum area—most suceptible to glaucoma

34
Q

Central scotomas

A

In optic neuropathies

35
Q

Centro caecal scotoma

A

In optic neuropathy(tobacco,alcohol)

36
Q

B/l enlargement of blind spot seen in

A

Papilledema

37
Q

Altitudinal defects-one half of viaual field lost

A

Non arteritic optic neuropathy
Glaucoma
Inferior retinal vein ocllusion

38
Q

Ring acotoma/tunnel vision

A 
Retinitis pigmentisa
Gyrate dystrophy
Pan retinal photocoagulation
Vigabatrin
Quinine
39
Q

Non specefic bu first change in glaucoma

A

Isoptre contarction /baring of blind spot

40
Q

First defect in glaucoma

A 
Paracentral scotoma—in bjerrum area
Siedel scotoma-in bjerrum area
Arcuate scotoma—bjerrum scotoma
Double arcuate scotoma
Roenne nasak step
Advanced field defects
41
Q

Right anopia

A

Rightvoptic nerve lesion

42
Q

Bitemporal hemianopia

A

Optic chiasma lesion

43
Q

Pityitary tumour frst defect

A

B/l superior temporal defect

44
Q

Craniopharyngioma 1 st defect

A

Inferior twmporal defect

45
Q

Left Homonymous hemianopia

A

Right optic tract lesion

46
Q

Wernicke hemianopic pulpil

A

In optic tract lesions

47
Q

Chiasmal defects and retrichiasmal

A

Chiasmal—heteronymous

Retrochiasmal—homonymous

48
Q

Rightvhomonenmous auperior quadrant hemoanopiaq

A

Left temporal lobe lesion

49
Q

Right occipital lobe lesion

A

Left hononykous hwmianopia with macular sparing(macula additional supply from kiddel cerebral artery)

50
Q

Rapd(relative afferent puppillary defect)

A

Marcus gunn pupil
Swinging flash light examination
Left second nwrve compression or neuritis

51
Q

Light near disaociation

A

Light refkex absentmaccomodation reflex present
Argyll robertson pupil-pretectak nucleus
Eg neurosyphilis

52
Q

Holmes adie pupil

A

Lesion in ciliary ganglion
Accomodation fibres are spared
Dx and rx—diluted pilocarpine (0.125%)

53
Q

Anisocoria

A

Different pupil size

54
Q

Aniaocoria increases in bright ligh

A

Adie pupil
3 rd nerve palsy
Damage to iris sphincter
Pharmacological mydriaaua

55
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Sepparation of inner 9 layers from

The 10 th layer

56
Q

Rhegmatogeous

A

Retinal tear + liquified vitrous

57
Q

Vitreo retinal sx

A

Comolete vitrectomy

Replace vitrous with air/SF6/C3F6 or silicone oil

58
Q

Complication of silicon oil

A

Hyper oleon/inverted hypopyon

59
Q

Ink blot/smoke stack in angiography

A

Central serous retinopathy

60
Q

Flwer petal pattern

A

Cystoid macular edema

61
Q

Microaneurysm

A

Mild NPDR

62
Q

Cheery red spot

A 
Ganglion layer edema
CRAO
Blunt trauma
Neiman pick ds
Faucher
Gm1/gm2 ganglioside
Tay sachs ds

Opthalmology (1 decks)

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