Dutch Golden Age

Question 1

October 25 1555

Answer 1

The Pragmatic Sanction: Charles V wanted to resign. A Meeting was held

Question 2

Kreits 1548

Answer 2

A patchwork of netherlandish provinces, self governing within the empire

Question 3

Friesland 1498

Answer 3

Stadholder general of the Netherlands Albrecht of Saxony conquered Friesland

Question 4

Nedersticht

Answer 4

The province of Utrecht. They had internal conflicts between the Hoeks (leading noble) and the Cabeljauws (partician families)

Question 5

The Landdag

Answer 5

The provincial parliament with representatives from all parts of Gelderland

Question 6

Peace of Ausburg

Answer 6

1555 allowing protestant services to be held in areas where the ruler was protestant.

Question 7

1566

Answer 7

Price of grain became too expensive. Iconoclasm started. Nobels demanded greater political role fro the provinces. William the Orange was their leader

Question 8

Policy of Moderation

Answer 8

Philip of spain applied a heavy handed approach

Question 9

Council of Troubles/Blood Council

Answer 9

Duke of Alva set up a court law to persecute rebels. He set up high taxes to pay his troops, and wanted to restore the kings authority

Question 10

Tercios

Answer 10

Billeting of Spanish soldiers. They treated all dutch the same

Question 11

1571

Answer 11

Revolt. William of Orange invaded from the east. They were supported by the Frensh. Alva withdrew in 1572

Question 12

Union of Utrecht

Answer 12

`1579 unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.

Question 13

Grand Pensionary

Answer 13

Johan de witt 1653-72

Question 14

Stadtholder

Answer 14

Head of state;

Question 15

Leo Belgicus

Answer 15

What?:
 Michael Eyzinger (Von Aitzing), De Leone Belgico, 1583 Cologne.
Inspiration?:
 Heraldic symbol.
 Proverbs 30:30.
 Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico.
Importance?:
 Very successful image and book.
 Low Countries as a proud and fierce lion.

Question 16

Spanish Fury

Answer 16

Spanish troops plundered Antwerp

Question 17

Pacification of Ghent

Answer 17

8 November 1576. Agreement between royalists and the rebels

Question 18

WIC

Answer 18

Dutch west India company

Question 19

Act of Abjuration

Answer 19

1579

Question 20

Tercios

Answer 20

Spanish soliders

Question 21

Duke of alva

Answer 21

Courts leading hard liner under the Spanish. Wanted to restore king Philips II authority

Question 22

French Protestants

Answer 22

Huguenots

Question 23

Pacification of Ghent November 8 1576

Answer 23

After the Spanish fury in Antwerp, agreed between the royalists and rebels

Question 24

Ridderschappen

Answer 24

Nobles of the Netherlands

Question 25

Duke of Anjou

Answer 25

Younger brother of the king of France to be the new sovereign of the republic in 1581. Was never recognized. Only used for support

Question 26

Walloon

Answer 26

French speaking provinces

Question 27

Duke of Parma

Answer 27

Military threat. Highest representative of the Spanish king in the Netherlands. He wanted to conquer

Question 28

10 July 1584

Answer 28

Orange murderd in delft

Question 29

Earl of Leicester

Answer 29

Was sent by queen Elizabeth as Governor General of the Netherlands

Question 30

Battle of grave lines

Answer 30

Anglo-Dutch war with Spain. English and Dutch prevented the Spanish ships in Flanders to leave port, and the English attacked the Spanish in the channel

Question 31

Henri of Navarre

Answer 31

French Protestant royal

Question 32

Process of innovation

Answer 32

Paitning methods in productivity and by adapting a unique, personal style of painting. A kind of niche

Question 33

Respublica literaria

Answer 33

The international, indeed supernatural republic of letters of the early modern period

Question 34

Bonae liteterae

Answer 34

Classical and patristics literature in comprehensive sense

Question 35

Arent van Buchell (Arnoldus Buchelius)

Answer 35

A converted protestant who was worried about spiritual health in Utrecht.

Question 36

Werner Helmichius

Answer 36

A native of Utrecht who had studied in Geneva, the cradle of Calvinism was called to the pulpit as the first Protestant minister in Utrecht

Question 37

Hubert Duifhuis

Answer 37

June 1578 broke with the catholic church. This was not unusual. He was much less strict than Helmichius

Question 38

Libertines

Answer 38

Those in Utrecht attending the Jacobskerk

Question 39

Adolf van Meurs, Count of Nieuwenaar

Answer 39

Appointed a distinctly Calvinist town council, which included four officers of the civic militia.

Question 40

Iconoclastic Fury

Answer 40

1566

Question 41

The Synod of Dordrecht 1618-1619

Answer 41

Settled the disputes that divided the ditch reformed church by expelling the Arminians, who subsequently formed their own church, the Remonstrant Brotherood

Question 41

New draperies

Answer 41

Woolen cloth that was lighter and less expensive in Leiden

Question 42

Amsterdam exchange bank

Answer 42

January 1609, greatly simplified trade payments

Question 43

Informal followers

Answer 43

People who had no exact religion, but kept an open ear

Question 44

Gezworen gemeente

Answer 44

Similar bodies which had access to citizenry, and indirectly the guilds

Question 45

In partibus infidelium

Answer 45

A vicar apostle or bishop sent to the Netherlands to rest abolish organization

Question 46

Petrie Purmerent

Answer 46

A bishop who rebuilt an entire church and its organization in Gouda. He also celebrated mass in an ordinary house. He had aquired more houses to continue this set up

Question 47

Treaty of Westminster

Answer 47

1654 peace with England after the first Anglo-Dutch war

Question 48

Act of seclusion

Answer 48

Annexed with the treaty of Westminster in 1654, forbidding the Dutch to ever appoint William II posthumous son as stadtholder

Question 49

Sephardim

Answer 49

Jews in Amsterdam who were wealthy Jews

Question 50

Ashkenazim

Answer 50

Jews from Eastern Europe who are poor