DT CLT 2022 Flashcards
Name 3 types of cutting using a laser cutter.
Vector cutting, vector engraving, raster engraving
Describe vector cutting.
For cutting shapes out of the material, the laser burns through the entire thickness of the material.
Describe vector engraving.
For engraving lines and paths onto the material, a vector file must be used. The laser does not completely burn through the material.
Describe raster engraving.
For engraving images onto the surface of the image, similar to a laser printer. A raster file is used such as jpg/png. The laser only burns the surface of the material.
Name 3 advantages of laser cutting.
Quick, precise and accurate, leaves a smooth edge so no further finishing is required
Name 3 disadvantages of laser cutting.
Machine is expensive, training is needed to use the machine, good ventilation is required as toxic fumes may be produced
Name 3 examples of softwoods.
Redwood, spruce, pine
Name 3 examples of hardwoods.
Beech, ash, oak
Name 2 advantages of natural timber.
Aesthetically pleasing, wood joining techniques are easier
Name 2 disadvantages of natural timber.
Prone to warping, irregular properties such as knots and varied grain
Name 3 examples of man-made boards.
Plywood, MDF, chipboard
Name 2 advantages of man-made board.
Large flat sheets are available without having to join pieces, good dimensional stability
Name 2 disadvantages of man-made board.
Cutting man-made boards generates more dust particles than natural timber, edges of man-made boards are unsightly
Name 3 advantages of acrylic plastic.
Available in many colors and transparency, can be easily molded into different shapes, UV resistant
Name 2 disadvantages of acrylic plastic.
Scratches easily, low heat resistance
Name 2 advantages of plywood.
Cost-effective, good dimensional stability
Name 2 disadvantages of plywood.
Not waterproof, susceptible to insects and fungus
List 5 methods of metal casting.
Sand casting, pewter casting, pressure die casting, gravity die casting, centrifugal casting
What are the top and bottom parts of the container used in sand casting called respectively?
Cope and drag
What is the alloy composition of pewter?
96% tin and 4% copper
Name the sections of machinery used in pressure die casting.
Plunger, pressure chamber, sprue, cavity, ejector die, ejector pins
Name 3 advantages of sand casting.
Low cost of mold materials and equipment, suitable for casting large parts, suitable for a wide variety of metals
Name 3 disadvantages of sand casting.
Rough surface finish, poor dimensional accuracy, mold cannot be reused
Name 3 advantages of pewter casting.
Low cost of mold materials and equipment, intricate shapes can be formed, mold can be reused
Name 2 disadvantages of pewter casting.
Pewter is not durable, pewter tarnishes easily
Name 3 advantages of pressure die casting.
Excellent dimensional tolerances, high product consistency, mold can be reused
Name 3 disadvantages of pressure die casting.
Tooling costs are expensive, size limit of parts that can be cast, not applicable for high melting point metals
Name 3 advantages of gravity die casting.
Less expensive than pressure die casting, tighter tolerances compared to sand casting, mold can be reused
Name 3 disadvantages of gravity die casting.
Higher costs than sand casting, limited to small simple designs, not applicable for high melting point metals
Name 2 advantages of centrifugal casting.
Production of hollow objects with axial symmetry without using a core, impurities separate automatically
Name 2 disadvantages of centrifugal casting.
Tooling costs are expensive, inner diameter is inconsistent
What does hardening do?
Increases the hardness of a metal.
What does tempering do?
Reduces the brittleness of a metal.
How is hardening done?
The metal is heated into austenitic crystal phase and then quenched.
How is tempering done?
The metal is heated to a temperature lower than the critical temperature and held for some time, then cooled.
What temperature is used to harden steel?
900 degrees Celsius
What temperature is used to temper steel?
700 degrees Celsius
What is intellectual property?
An idea that is turned into a physical creation.
Name 3 examples of intellectual property.
Books, movies, handbag design
What are patents?
Patents protect the technical working concept behind a product or technology.
What are the 2 requirements for a patent?
Novel, inventive
Name 3 advantages of patents.
Provides legal protection over the exploitation of a product by someone else, the patented product is intellectual property and has commercial value, licenses can be appointed to others with potential profitable implications
Name 3 disadvantages of patents.
Expensive and complicated so attorney is needed, must be renewed every 20 years, highly detailed diagrams are required for successful application
Name 7 advantages of injection molding.
Efficient and quick, completely automated, high amounts of detail, high consistency, many plastic options, low scrap rates, little post-production needed
Name 2 disadvantages of injection molding.
Tooling costs are expensive, shape limitations as draft angles must be included
What are the three scales of production?
One-off, batch, mass
Name 2 examples of one-off produced products.
Luxury cruise ship, wedding cake
Name 2 examples of batch produced products.
Pottery, wooden furniture
Name 2 examples of mass produced products.
Cars, clothing
What are the characteristics of one-off production?
Increased expense due to specialized production using difficult materials with few economies of scale.
Name 2 examples of continuous produced products.
PET drink bottles, food and drink cans
What is Critical Path Analysis?
A project management method used to schedule the most efficient completion of process stages.
Name 3 advantages of Critical Path Analysis.
Parallel processing opportunities can be exploited for maximum efficiency, unnecessary waiting time can be identified, resource planning efficiency is improved
Name 3 disadvantages of Critical Path Analysis.
Relies on possibly inaccurate estimates of process durations, difficult to accurately represent highly complex stages, does not account for change in external factors
Name 3 goods requirements on the Consumer Rights Act 2015.
Satisfactory quality, fit for purpose, as described
What is the ‘right to reject goods’ and ‘right to repair or replacement’ in the Consumer Rights Act 2015?
Right to full refund within 30 days, right to repair or replacement without proof within 6 months, right to repair or replacement with proof after 6 months.
What is the ‘final right to reject’ in the Consumer Rights Act 2015?
If a repair or replacement is not possible, the consumer has the right to full or partial refund based on how much the product was used.
What makes rubber a suitable material for car tires?
Good wear and tear resistance, elastic properties absorb bumps, strong grip for good traction, easy to mold for mass production
Name 3 disadvantages of rubber.
Poor weather resistance, poor heat resistance, will swell when exposed to oil or fuels
Name 3 advantages of pneumatic tires.
Lower rolling friction, better ride cushioning, better traction
Name 2 disadvantages of pneumatic tires.
Flat tires, maintenance and refill
Name 2 advantages of solid tires.
Immune to punctures, no maintenance needed
Name 4 disadvantages of solid tires.
Higher rolling friction, worse ride cushioning, worse traction, heavier
Name 3 examples of standardized parts.
Metric ISO screw threads, light bulbs and fittings, pen ink refill
What are standardized parts?
Components that can be relied upon to fit correctly when adding or replacing elements of a design.
Name 2 advantages of standardized parts.
High economies of scale, manufacturer does not need specialized equipment
Who founded Bauhaus?
Walter Gropius
What is the Bauhaus design philosophy?
Machine aesthetic approach to ‘form follows function’.
Name 3 characteristics of Bauhaus design.
Simple geometric shapes, rounded corners and walls, use of tubular steel
What method of production does Bauhaus embrace?
Mass production to make ‘everyday products’.
What aspects of design did Bauhaus influence?
Art, architecture, product design, graphic design
Name an example of a Bauhaus product.
Wassily chairs by Marcel Breuer
What was Ludwig Mies van der Rohe known for?
German designer known for rectilinear designs crafted in elegant simplicity.
What are the characteristics of the ‘International Style’ developed by Mies van der Rohe?
Light, planar and rectilinear forms with open interior space and no decoration, often transparent to highlight inner steel structures.
Name 2 notable designs by Mies van der Rohe.
Barcelona chair and Farnsworth house
