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Lifecycle Developmental Psychology > Dsst > Flashcards

Dsst Flashcards

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1
Q

Wilhelm wundt

A

First scientific laboratory

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2
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Created scientific metho

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3
Q

Biological Approach

A

Personality is linked to genetics

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4
Q

Behavioral Approach

A

Study and observe behavior-blank state

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5
Q

Cognitive Approach

A

How the mind learns and thinks

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6
Q

Humanistic

A

All people are inherently good

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7
Q

Psychoanalytical

A

Actions are based on unconscious motivation

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8
Q

Structuralism

A

Classification of the minds structures

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9
Q

Functionalism

A

William James - rhe “how” part of behavior

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10
Q

Nature vs. Nurture

A

Whether or not biology plays a part in personality

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11
Q

Variable

A

A changing part of the person

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12
Q

Constant

A

A variable that always stays the same

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13
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The variable the experiment is trying to get information about

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14
Q

Independent variable

A

The variables that the experimenter controls

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15
Q

Correlational Research

A

How much one variable changes in relation to each other

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16
Q

Clinical Psychologist

A

Doctoral degree in psychology, cannot prescribe medicine

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17
Q

Psychiatrist

A

A medical doctor with a degree in Psychotherapy, can prescribe drugs

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18
Q

Ethics

A

Principles and standards of behavior including morals

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19
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Part of the endocrine system

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20
Q

Autonomic nerveous system

A

Involuntary system

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21
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Arousing part of the system

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22
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Calming part of the system

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23
Q

Hippocampus

A

Stores memories

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24
Q

Limbic system

A

Memory and emotion center

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25
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Most developed and largest part of the brain

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26
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Vision

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27
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Hearing

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28
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Voluntary muscles and intelligence

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29
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Body sensations

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30
Q

Cerebrum

A

The two large halves of the brain

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31
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates all movements and muscles

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32
Q

Pons

A

Control breathing and heart rate

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33
Q

Brain stem

A

Sends commands to all other parts of the body

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34
Q

Thalamus

A

Main relay station for sensory signals

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35
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates internal temperature

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36
Q

Gregor mendel

A

Father of genetics

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37
Q

Somatic cell

A

A full set of chromosomes

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38
Q

Cloning

A

Reproduction done with just the somatic cells

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39
Q

Gametes

A

Reproductive cells (eggs and sperm)

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40
Q

Zygote

A

First part/stage of a human

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41
Q

Vestibular sense

A

Balance and body movement

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42
Q

Absolute threshold

A

How much sensation one has to have to feel something

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43
Q

Sclera

A

White part of the eye

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44
Q

Iris

A

Colored part of the eye

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45
Q

Pupil

A

Part of the eye that is black, opens and closes to let in light

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46
Q

Cornea

A

A clear membrane that protects the eye

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47
Q

Lens

A

Transparent and located in front of the eye

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48
Q

Retina

A

Back of the eye. Contains rods and cones.

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49
Q

Cones

A

Use to view color

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50
Q

Noise

A

Irrelevant stimuli that competes for attention

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51
Q

Frequency

A

The number of full wavelengths that pass through a point in a given amount of time

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52
Q

Pitch

A

Ears interpretation of a sounds frequency

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53
Q

Amplitude

A

Amount of pressure produced by a sound wave and is measured in decibels

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54
Q

Loudness

A

A sound waves amplitude

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55
Q

Outer ear

A

Includes pinna and external auditory canal

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56
Q

Timbre

A

The perceptual quality of sound

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57
Q

Middle ear

A

Eardrum, anvil, stirrup

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58
Q

Inner ear

A

Oval window, cochlea, organ of corti

59
Q

Cochlea

A

A fluid filled structure in the inner ear that looks like a snail

60
Q

Organ of corti

A

A part of the ear inside the cochlea

61
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

People organize their perceptions by patterns

62
Q

Depth perception

A

Makes people see objects in three dimensions

63
Q

Visual cliff

A

Proof that babies have depth perception

64
Q

Erik Erickson

A

Psychoanalyst

65
Q

Most important thing to Erickson

A

Development of trust

66
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

Infant

67
Q

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

A

Toddler

68
Q

Initiative vs. Guilt

A

Preschooler

69
Q

Industry vs. Inferiority

A

School-Age

70
Q

Identy vs. Role Confusion

A

Adolescent

71
Q

Intamacy vs. Isolation

A

Young Adult

72
Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

Middle-Age Adult

73
Q

Ego integrity vs. Despair

A

Old age

74
Q

Jean Piaget

A

Cognitive theorist

75
Q

Accommodation

A

The difference made to ones mind or concepts by the process of assimilation.

76
Q

Classification

A

The ability to group objects together on a basis of common features

77
Q

Class inclusion

A

The understanding of more advanced than simple classification, that some classes or sets of objects are also sub-sets of larger class

78
Q

Conservation

A

The realization that objects or sets of objects stay the same even when they are changed about or made to look different

79
Q

Developmemtal Norm

A

A statistical measure of typical scores for categories of information

80
Q

Egocentrism

A

The belief thar you are the center of the universe and everything revolves atound you.

81
Q

Elaboration

A

Relating new information to something familiar

82
Q

Operation

A

The process of working something out in your head

83
Q

Recognition

A

The ability to identify correctly something encountered before

84
Q

Recall

A

Being able to reproduce knowledge from memory

85
Q

Schema

A

The representation in the mind of a set of perceptions, ideas, and/or actions, which go together

86
Q

Stage

A

A period in a childs development in which he or she is capable of understanding some things but not others

87
Q

Reflexive Stage (0-2 months)

A

Simple reflex activity such as grasping and sucking

88
Q

Primary Circular Reactions (2-4 months)

A

Reflexive behaviors occur in stereotyped repitition such as opening and closing fingers repetitively

89
Q

Secondary Circular Reactions (4-8 months)

A

Repetition of change actions to reproduce interesting consequences such as kicking ones feet to move a mobile suspended over a crib

90
Q

Coordination of secondary Reactions (8-12 months)

A

Responses become coordinated into more complex sequences. Actions take on an “intentional character”

91
Q

Tertiary Circular Reactions (12-18 months)

A

Discover of new ways to produce the same consequence or obtain the same goal such as the infant may pull a pillow toward him in an attenpt to get a toy resting on it

92
Q

Invention of new means through mental combination (18-24 months)

A

Evidence of an internal representational system. Symbolizing the problen-solving sequence before actually responding. Deferred imitation.

93
Q

Preoperational phase (2-4 years)

A

Increased use of verbal representation but speech is egocentric. The beginnings of symbolic rather than simple motor play

94
Q

Intuitive phase (4-7 years)

A

Speech becomes more social, less egocentric. The child has an intuitive grasp of logical concepts in some areas.

95
Q

Period of concret operations (7-11 years)

A

Evidence for organized, logical thought. There is the ability to perform multiple classification tasks,order objects in a logical sequence, and comprehend the principle of coservation

96
Q

Period of formal operation (11-15 years)

A

Thought becomes more abstract, incorporating the principles of formal logic. The ability to generate abstract prpositions, multiple hypotheses and their possible outcomes is evident.

97
Q

Oral Stage

A

Birth-1 year

98
Q

Anal stage

A

1-3 years

99
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3-6 years

100
Q

Latency Stage

A

6-11 years

101
Q

Genital Stage

A

Adolescence

102
Q

Denial

A

Complete rejection of the feeling or situation

103
Q

Suppression

A

Hiding the feelings and not acknowledging them

104
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Turning a feeling into the exact oppostitw feeling. For example, saying you hate someone you are interested in.

105
Q

Projection

A

Projection is transferring your thoughts and feelings onto others. For example , someone who is being unfaithful themselves constantly accuses their partner of cheating

106
Q

Displacement

A

Feelings are redirected to someone else. Someone who has a bad day at work and cant complain goes home and yells at their kids instead

107
Q

Rationalization

A

You deny your feelings and come up with ways to justify your behavior

108
Q

Regression

A

Reverting to old behavior to avoid feelings

109
Q

Sublimation

A

A type of displacement, redirection of the feeling into a socially productive activity

110
Q

Self-actualization

A

Highest needed in hierarchy - level 5

111
Q

Esteem Needs

A

Level 4 need

112
Q

Belonging and Love

A

Level 3 need

113
Q

Safety

A

Level 2 need

114
Q

Physical needs

A

Level 1 need

115
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Reinforces good behavior

116
Q

Instructional conditioning

A

Gives a negative sanction

117
Q

Extinction

A

The process of unassociating the condition with thr response

118
Q

Egocentric behavior

A

A child does not take into consideration other peoples needs

119
Q

Social learning theory

A

Explicit role instruction (stereotypes), boys play with trucks and cars, girls wear make-up

120
Q

Baby albert

A

Was kept in a box and conditioned

121
Q

Stimulus generalization

A

Something from conditioning carries over to another related area

122
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Search conducted by watching the subject

123
Q

Ego

A

The mediator between super ego and id

124
Q

Id

A

Primative part of the subconscious which wants food and sex

125
Q

Super ego

A

Ethical, super good part of the subconscious

126
Q

Visual cliff

A

Experiment to prove infants have depth perception

127
Q

Object permanance

A

Understanding that an object does not cease to exist once it has left your vision

128
Q

Harry Harlow

A

Monkey experiment- monkeys liked the soft one better

129
Q

Alfred Binet

A

Made the first IQ test

130
Q

Formula to find out IQ

A

IQ = MENTAL AGE/CALCULATED AGE x 100

131
Q

Hyperactivity affects what percentage of children?

A

0.03

132
Q

Divergent thinking

A

Creative process lf thinking

133
Q

Convergent thinking

A

Follower thinking

134
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Search conducted by watching the subject

135
Q

Independent variable

A

The one the researchers have direct control over

136
Q

Cross sectional studies

A

When people of different ages are studied at one particular time

137
Q

Longitudinal studies

A

Where the people afe followed over a long period of time and checked up on at certain points

138
Q

Quantitative

A

The number or amount of something

139
Q

Kohbergd theory of moral development

A

How morality is linked to behavior

140
Q

Preconventional morality

A

Punishment of obedience phase

141
Q

Qualitative

A

Used i statistics, similar in structure or organization

142
Q

Four steps of the scientific method

A

Gather information, generate hypothesis, test hypothesis, revise

143
Q

Conventional morality

A

Motivation to obey is done from influence of other people

144
Q

Postconventional morality

A

Motivation is because law is a higher order

Lifecycle Developmental Psychology (1 decks)

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