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Psychodiagnostics > DSM-V Term 1 > Flashcards

DSM-V Term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How does Panic Disorder differ from Panic Attacks (Criteria A & B)

A

Panic Disorder

  1. Recurrent, UNEXPECTED, panic attacks
  2. Followed by > 1 month persistent worry about future PA/consequences OR maladaptive beh. change
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2
Q

Panic Attack Criteria

A

A: abrupt surge of fear/discomfort, peaks within minutes, with > 4 symptoms present
*13 possible symptoms

B: >1 month of 1) OR 2)

  1. persistent worry about future PA or consequences
  2. maladaptive behavioural change

C/D: Not due to substance, medical condition, another diagnosis.

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of Panic Attacks

A
  1. Heart rate
  2. sweating
  3. Shaking
  4. Shortness of breath
  5. feelings of choking
  6. Chest pain
  7. Nausea
  8. Feeling dizzy,
  9. temperature sensations
  10. numbness/tingling
  11. derealization
  12. “going crazy”
  13. Fear of dying
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4
Q

Panic Disorder: Differential Diagnoses

A
  • Agoraphobia
  • Other Anxiety Disorders
  • Panic Attacks
  • Medical conditions/substance induced
  • Are the Cued or UNCUED
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5
Q

Agoraphobia Criteria

A

A: Marked fear/anxiety in > 2 situations

  1. public transportation
  2. open spaces
  3. closed spaces
  4. standing in line/crowds
  5. being outside of the home

B: Fear or Avoidance because **fear escape will not be possible or help not available

  • Situations ~always produce fear/anxiety
  • Avoid or endure with difficulty
  • Out of proportion
  • Persistent, > 6 months
  • Clinically significant distress

*Not better explained

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6
Q

Key Features of Agoraphobia

A
    • Fear ESCAPE will not be possible or help not available

- - if panic-like Ss, embarrassment, etc.

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7
Q

Agoraphobia: Differential Diagnoses

A

Specific phobia *if only one situation or cognitions aren’t about escape/panic Ss/no help

Separation anxiety disorder *anxiety over detachment/home

Social phobia *fear negative evaluation

Panic Disorder *Don’t Dx agoraphobia if avoidance behaviours b/c panic Ss do not extend to 2+ agoraphobic situations

Acute Stress/PTSD *If fear b/c reminder of traumatic event

MDD *if avoidance not related to fear of panic Ss or embarrassment/lack of escape

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8
Q

GAD Diagnostic Criteria

A

A: Excessive anxiety/worry for > 6 months about a range of activities/events

B: Difficult to control worry

C: Associated with >3 Ss, more days than not, >6months

  1. Restlessness, on edge
  2. Easily fatigued
  3. Difficulty concentrating
  4. Irritability
  5. Muscle tension
  6. Sleep disturbances

D: Significant distress/impairment

*Not better explained

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9
Q

Key features of GAD

A
    • > 6 months
    • Excessive worrying on RANGE of topics
    • Difficult to control
    • Cognitive and somatic symptoms
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10
Q

GAD vs. MDD

A

MDD *Diagnostic hierarchy** If MDD it needs to be fully remitted for GAD Dx.

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11
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder: Criteria

A

A: Fear/anxiety of SOCIAL situations where they can be JUDGED/Scrutinized

B: **Negative EVALUATION

C: Situations ~always –> fear/anxiety

D: Avoided or endured with intense fear

E: Out of proportion

F: Persistent > 6 months

G: Significant distress

*Not better explained

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12
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder Key Features

A
  • *Fear of negative evaluation!

* *Fear/avoidance of situations where they may be scrutinized

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13
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Panic Disorder

A

Panic Disorder *fear of the attacks/consequences themselves (not negative eval.)

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14
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Agoraphobia

A

Agoraphobia *Fear Escape/help not available

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15
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Autism SD

A

in SAD social communication capabilities and age-appropriate r/s are present

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16
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Avoidant personality disorder

A

APD *broader avoidance pattern

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17
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Body Dysmorphic Dx

A

Body Dysmorphic Dx *if social anxiety only b/c of their beliefs about their appearance then no separate Dx of SAD applied.

18
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Major Depressive Disorder

A

MDD *feel unworthy of being liked/bad (in SAD fear neg. eval. b/c of social beh. or physical Ss)

19
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. GAD

A

GAD *social worries a part, but not limited to fear of evaluation

20
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Selective Mutism

A

Selective mutism *may fear to speak because of negative evaluation, but do not fear social situations where speaking is not required

21
Q

GAD vs. OCD

A

OCD *obsessions are inappropriate/intrusive, compulsions

22
Q

GAD vs. Social anxiety Disorder

A

Social Anxiety Disorder **Anxiety over being evaluated

23
Q

GAD vs. PTSD

A

PTSD *Trauma

24
Q

OCD: Obsessions

A
  1. Recurrent, persistent thoughts/urges/images that are intrusive/unwanted and cause marked anxiety/distress
    AND
  2. Individual attempts to ignore/suppress or neutralize thoughts (e.g., with a compulsion)
25
Q

OCD: Compulsions

A
  1. Repetitive behavoiurs or mental acts driven to perform in response to obsession/rules that must be followed
    AND
  2. Aimed at preventing/reducing anxiety or dreaded event/outcome. *not connected in realistic way or excessive
26
Q

OCD: Criteria

A

A: Obsessions OR compulsions (or both)
B: Significant distress
C: Not better explained

27
Q

OCD Specifiers

A
  • Insight
  • with good or fair insight (may not be true)
  • with poor insight (probably true)
  • with absent insight/delusional beliefs (definitely true)

*Tic-related

28
Q

OCD vs. OCPD

A

OCPD * pervasive pattern of perfectionism and rigid control

29
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder: Specifiers

A
  • Performance only
30
Q

Required Symptoms for MDD

A

Either
1) Depressed mood
OR
2) Loss of interest (anhedonia)

31
Q

Time criteria for MDD

A

> 2 week period, ~all day(s)

32
Q

MDD Dx Criteria

A

A: 5+ Ss, same 2+ week period, change from baseline. Must include 1) depressed mood or 2) Loss of interest. ~most of day, nearly every day

  1. Depressed mood
  2. Loss of interest/pleasure
  3. Weight changes
  4. Sleep disturbances (insomnia/hypersomnia)
  5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation
  6. Fatigue
  7. Worthlessness or excessive/inappropriate guilt
  8. Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness
  9. thoughts of death or suicidal thoughts

B: significant distress/impairment
C: not due to substance/medical condition

D: not better explained…
E: ***NEVER been a MANIC or HYPOMANIC episode

33
Q

Severity and remisson ratings in MDD

A

Mild (just meets criteria)
Moderate
Severe *if psychotic features automatically severe

In partial remission (subclinical Ss for 2+ months)
In full remission (no Ss for 2+ months)

34
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia): Criteria

A

A: Depressed mood more days than not, most of the day, 2+ years

B: 2+ Ss when depressed

  1. poor appetite or overeating
  2. Insomnia/hypersomnia
  3. Fatigue, low energy
  4. low self-esteem
  5. poor concentration/indecisive ness
  6. Feelings of hopelessness

C: During the 2+ years, No period of >2+ without Ss of Criteria A & B

D: MDD may be present the whole time

E: no manic or hypomanic episodes

F/G: not better explained…

H: significant distress/impairment

35
Q

Dysthymia: Time criteria

A

2+ years, more days than not, most of the day

36
Q

Dysthymia: Severity specifier

A

Mild, moderate, severe

37
Q

Dysthymia: PDD specifiers

A
  • with pure dysthymic syndrome (full criteria for MDD have not been met in preceding 2 years)
  • with persistent MDE - full MDE criteria met throughout 2 year period
  • with intermittent MDE, with current episode - MDE criteria currently met, but periods of 8+ weeks without MDE criteria met
  • with intermittent MDE, without current episode
38
Q

Anxious Distress Specifier can be applied to:

A
  • MDD
  • ## Persistent depressive disorder
39
Q

with anxious distress (MDD/dysthymia): Criteria

A

2+ symptoms during majority of days of episode

  1. feeling keyed up or tense
  2. Feeling unusually restless
  3. Difficulty concentrating b/c of worry
  4. Fear that something awful may happen
  5. Feeling that the individual might lose control

Specify if Mild (2 Ss), moderate (3 Ss), Moderate-severe (4-5 Ss), severe (4-5 Ss with motor agitation)

40
Q

with mixed features (in MDD/dysthymia)

A

3+ manic Ss present ~all time of episode

  1. Elevated, expansive mood
  2. grandiosity
  3. more talkative, pressured talking
  4. Flight of ideas, racing thoughts
  5. increased goal-directed activity or energy
  6. Increased risk-taking beh.
  7. Decreased need for sleep

*If meet full criteria for hypomanic or manic episode give Bipolar I or Bipolar II

41
Q

with melancholic features (MDD/dysthymia)

A

During most every period
1. loss of pleasure in ~all activities
OR
2. lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli

3+ Ss

  1. depressed mood with profound despondency, despair, moroseness, empty mood
  2. Depression is worse in morning
  3. early-morning awakening
  4. psychomotor agitation or retardation
  5. significant anorexia or weight loss
  6. excessive/inappropriate guilt
42
Q

with atypical features (MDD, dysthymia)

A

A: mood reactivity (mood brightens in response to positives)
B: 2+ Ss
1. significant weight gain or increased appetite
2. hypersomnia
3. leaden paralysis (heavy)
4. long-standing pattern of interpersonal rejection sensitivity –> impairment

*melancholic features not met

Psychodiagnostics (1 decks)

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