DSM V Differences in DX Flashcards
Social Pragmatic Communication Disorder v Autism Spectrum Differences Criteria
SPC - Only impaired social communication
No other autism spectrum DX
Autism -
Social communication difficulty, as a baby no eye contact.
Ages 3-4 no or very limited back and forth play.
Repetitive behaviors.
Hyper/Hypo sensitive to stimulus such as sound or light.
Fixations on things.
Learning Disorder v ADHD
LD - Learning difficulties in learning, basic academic skills, and based on age and IQ should know.
Maybe has dyslexia or learning disorder
Can cause kids to be disruptive but not ADHD.
ADHD - Rule out a learning disorder. These can cause kids to be disruptive.
Presents before age 12 and two or more impairments context, such as school or home or work.
Adults may have SX before age 12 but have learned to cope.
Hyperactivity or inattentive (can’t read a book for long, stay on a math problem, interrupt people)
Hard time getting organized and completing tasks.
Pica V Rumination Disorder
Pica - Eating nonfood items, such as dirt, carpeting.
Rumination Disorder - Repeated vomiting after eating
Language Disorder v Child Onset Fluency Disorder
Language Disorder 0-5
Hard time building vocabulary
Don’t know age appropriate words, use simple sentences, no longer than 5 words per sentence.
Child Onset Fluency Disorder ages 0-5
Stuttering, broken words (I under (pause) stand)
Tourette’s Disorder v Persistent Motor/Vocal Tic Disorder
Tourette’s Disorder
Both motor and vocal tics.
Persistent Motor/Vocal Tic Disorder
Have one or the other, not both as in Tourette’s
Encopresis v Enuresis
. Encopresis – older than 4
Has the P (Poop)
Sexual abuse/traumas possible reasons
Enuresis – Older than 4
U as in urine.
Sexual abuse/traumas possible reasons
Separation Anxiety Disorder v Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder (someone leaving and constant worry about the caregiver/spouse)
Child, most common.
Someone has anxiety specific to attachment to caregiver more than 4 weeks
Adult could be a spouse – 6 months
Generalized Anxiety Disorder – present for at least 6 months.
Worrying about many different things. Such as a caregiver, school, tests, playing soccer.
Across multiply domains and physical such as sleeping, etc.
Reactive Attachment Disorder v Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Result persistent neglect or abuse or multiple of caregivers (foster kids).
Failure to thrive.
Very withdrawn – don’t seek or accept comfort
Some irritability, they don’t want attention.
Little excitement or positive emotion, they have given up
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Result persistent neglect or abuse or multiple of caregivers (foster kids).
No boundaries with strangers
Overly comfortable with strangers, attach easily with strangers.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder v Conduct Disorder v Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
ODD
Defiant, problems with authority, refuse to comply, or do what others tell them to do
Conduct Disorder (Violation of rights) Violation of others rights. Stealing, fighting, destroy property Lack of remorse Can feed into antisocial disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Used to be child bi polar Ages of 6-10, up to age 17 Temper tantrums, outburst at least 3 times per week Mood is negative without the outbursts Negative mood
Brief Psychotic Disorder v Schizophreniform Disorder v Schizophrenia
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Up to a month
- Schizophreniform Disorder
1-6 months - Schizophrenia
Over 6 months
All have these same SXs:
5 categories - Difference is the timeline (same SX)
Delusion
Delusion (belief that is false) a movie star on TV is in love with me.
Bizarre Delusion is that same movie star is an alien.
Hallucinations (visual/auditory)
Disorganized speech, incoherent, rambling speech
Disorganized behaviors, such as moving in gestures that don’t make sense or behaviors that don’t make sense
Negative SX, having flat affect, quiet, don’t respond to any discussion. Appear stiff.
Persistent Depressive Disorder
v Unspecified Depressive Disorder v Major Depressive Disorder
Depressive Disorders are related to severity of disorder and anxiety disorder is more about the timeline of SX
Persistent Depressive Disorder
At least 2 years for adults and 1 year for a child.
Not as deep as major DD, unspecified and gone on a long time, mild depressed
Lack of enjoyment, feeling down
No biological change in functioning.
Unspecified Depressive Disorder
Does not meet full criteria for Major depression.
Person reporting they are functioning but have mild disruptions in functioning
Major Depressive Disorder (Don’t need to meet all of the below criteria)
SX for at least 2 weeks
Reporting dark or black mood
May be functioning without SI
Anhedonia (lack of pleasure)
Lack motivation to do things.
Change in biological functioning, sleep all day or not at all. Change in appetite.
Could also have SI – feeling of worthlessness
Bipolar I Disorder v Bipolar II Disorder v Cyclothymic Disorder
Bipolar I Disorder At least 7 days.
Manic Phase – elevated mood leads to significant impairment for at least 1 week. Could be a positive mood or negative.
Acting in risky behavior (sex, gamble, using)
Don’t need sleep or excessive energy
Excessive euphoria and high level of energy
Often in denial they are in a manic phase
Then followed by a depressive – don’t need to DX one
Bipolar II Disorder
Has a hypomanic and major depressive episode, lasting 4 days.
May need less sleep and more energized
Not causing severe problems in their relationships
Cyclothymic Disorder
At least 2 years for SX
Hypo manic state alternating with a low level mild depressive episode
Unspecified would alternate with hypomania.
Schizoaffective Disorder v Bipolar I with Psychotic Features v Major Depression with Psychotic Features.
Schizoaffective Disorder
Has psychotic features (Schizo) Present all the time
Mood disorder (affective) comes in and out
Bipolar I with Psychotic Features
Bipolar I features always present
Psychotic features comes in and out
Major Depression with Psychotic Features.
Mood disorder is constant
Psychotic features come in and out
Bereavement v Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood
Bereavement
Grief a loss of loved one/animal
Feel lost, angry, self-blame
Major depression could be if feeling worthiness and self-blame
Over sleeping, diet change, etc (biological issues)
Self-harm
Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood
Not DX with bereavement
Reaction to something that happened to that person
Recent life stressor – new job, loss job, moving, divorce
SX present within 3 months of the stressor no longer than 6 months.
If more than 6 months then not this one.
Panic Disorder v Agoraphobia
Panic Disorder
Recurring, unexpected panic attack and fear of happening again.
Feels like you’re going to die, heart attack, feel room is spinning
Overwhelming
Adjust and difficult in functioning for fear of another attack
Agoraphobia
Fear of going out. Crowds, Lines, ride a bus.
2 fears that impact function in the world
