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HDM Midterm > DSA 1: Classifying Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

DSA 1: Classifying Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basis for epithelial polarity?

A

Organelles and proteins are unevenly distributed

Difference in structure and function based on basal domain, apical domain, and lateral surfaces

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2
Q

What type of epithelium would you find in blood vessels (endothelium) and the lining of serous membranes (mesothelium)?

A

Simple squamous

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3
Q

What type of epithelium would you find in kidney tubules, glands and ducts, terminal bronchioles, and covering the ovaries?

A

Simple cuboidal

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4
Q

What type of epithelium would you find lining the alveoli of the lungs, loop of Henle in the kidney, and in various ducts?

A

Simple squamous

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5
Q

What type of epithelium would you find in some glands and ducts, auditory tubes, uterus, oviducts, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and bile ducts?

A

Simple columnar

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6
Q

What type of epithelium would you find lining the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi?

A

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated

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7
Q

____________ are apical extensions similar to cilia but they lack microtubules

A

Stereocilia/stereovilli

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8
Q

What type of epithelium is found in urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra?

A

Urothelium

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9
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the mouth, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, urethra, and cornea?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

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10
Q

What differentiates nonkeratinized stratified squamous tissue from keratinized stratified squamous tissue?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous retain their nuclei and orgnalles in the apical layer while keratinized do not

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11
Q

What type of epithelium would you find in sweat glands and ducts, ovarian follicles, and salivary gland ducts?

A

Stratified cuboidal

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12
Q

What are the 4 types of apical specializations?

A

Cilia
Flagella
Microvilli
Stereocilia

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13
Q

Cilia are mobile projections comprised of ______________.

They are extensions of the ___________, and the basal body core anchors extended cilia.

A

Microtubules

Cytoskeleton

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14
Q

Cilia beat in a wave-like fashion to propel substances across the tissue, like ________, _______, or debris

They are up to 10mm long and up to 300+ may be present.

A

Mucous; oocytes

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15
Q

Which apical specialization is specialized for absorption and forms the brush border?

A

Microvilli

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16
Q

___________ are long, non-motile, microvilli

A

Stereocilia

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17
Q

What provides rigidity to stereocilia?

A

Actin core

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18
Q

Where would you find stereocilia?

A

Male reproductive tract

Inner ear

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19
Q

What 2 proteins are associated with tight junctions?

A

Claudin

Occludin

20
Q

Tight junctions encircle cells near their most _______ surface. Molecules may pass through cells, but not in between

A

Apical

21
Q

What is another name for tight junctions

A

Zonula occludens

22
Q

Zonula adherens junctions contain __________ and ________ proteins which bind to ________ filaments

A

Cadherin; catenin; actin

23
Q

Zonula adherens junctions encircle the _____ surface of cells and are ______ to the tight junction

A

Apical

Deep

24
Q

What is another name for zonula adherens?

A

Adhering junctions

25
Q

___________ junctions are fluid-filled channels that connect apposed cells and mediate communication

A

Gap

26
Q

What proteins are associated with gap junctions?

A

Connexin aggregates

27
Q

___________ are thickened plaques located at sites of mechanical stress and provide strength and rigidity

A

Desmosomes

28
Q

What proteins are associated with desmosomes?

A

Cadherins, which bind to intermediate filaments

29
Q

What is another name for desmosomes?

A

Macula adherens

30
Q

Cadherin:cadherin junctions bind __________

A

Intercellularly

31
Q

________ anchor epithelial cells to underlying basal lamina

A

Hemidesmosomes

32
Q

What proteins are associated with hemidesmosomes?

A

Integrins and intermediate filaments

33
Q

__________ _________ is a specialized sheet of extracellular material that acts as a selective barrier between tissues and permits diffusion of nutrients

A

Basement membrane

34
Q

With ________ glands, the gland product is released onto the surface

With ________ glands, the gland product is released into the blood

A

Exocrine

Endocrine

35
Q

_________ cells are unicellular glands that synthesize and secrete mucous (mucin). They are scattered throughout epithelia

A

Goblet

36
Q

What type of epithelial cell is a goblet cell?

A

Modified columnar

37
Q

Which portion of an exocrine gland is the secretory portion?

A

Acinus

38
Q

Which portion of an exocrine gland is the conducting portion?

A

Duct

39
Q

The duct system of a gland may be simple or _________.

The acinar component may be ________or acinar.

A

Compound

Tubular

40
Q

Where would you find mesothelium and what type of epithelium is it?

A

Peritoneum
Pleura
Pericardium

Simple squamous

41
Q

Goblet cells are often present among the ________ epithelial cell. They can be distinguished by a dilated, goblet-like apical cytoplasm containing mucous material.

Mucous is released into the lumen and coats epithelial cell surfaces.

The _______ ________ consists of loose CT located beneath the epithelium

A

Lamina propria

42
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium consists of what 3 major cell types?

A

Columnar cells with apical cilia

Basal cells anchored to basal lamina

Goblet cells between basal lamina and lumen

43
Q

What are the 2 major cell types of the epididymal epithelium?

A

Columnar cells with stereocilia

Basal cells attached to lamina

44
Q

What 3 cell types make up the urothelium?

A

Dome-shaped superficial cells

Pyriform-shaped intermediate

Polyhedral-shaped basal

45
Q

A characteristic of urothelium is its _________ configuration in response to distention and contraction tensional forces caused by urine.

________ of aggregated proteins (uroplakins) are found in apical PMs of dome-shaped superficial cells

A

Transitional

Plaques

HDM Midterm (10 decks)

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