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IR&RC Addiction Counselor Exam > Drugs of Addiction > Flashcards

Drugs of Addiction Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ayahuasca?

A

A halucinogenic tea popular in the Amazon

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2
Q

What are street names for Ayajuasca?

A

Aya; Yage, Hoasca

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3
Q

How is Ayajuasca used?

A

Swallowed as a tea

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4
Q

What are short term effects of Ayajuasca?

A

Hallucinations; increased blood pressure; vomiting

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5
Q

What DEA schedule is Ayahuasca?

A

DMT is schedule I, but plants containing DMT are not controlled.

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6
Q

What type of synthetic drug is bath salts?

A

Synthetic Cathinones

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7
Q

What is a cathinone?

A

a stimulant that is naturally found in the Khat plant

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8
Q

What are street names for bath salts?

A

Bloom, cloud nine, cosmic blast, Ivory wave, lunar wave, scarface, vanilla sky, white lightning

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9
Q

What forms are there of bath salts?

A

white or brown powder; jewelry cleaner; tablets, capsules or liquid.

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10
Q

How are bath salts usually used?

A

Snorted, swallowed, or injected

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11
Q

What DEA schedule are bathsalts?

A

Schedule I; but some are banned.

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12
Q

What are short term health effects of bath salts?

A

increased heart rate and blood pressure; nosebleeds; sweating; nauses/vomiting; dizziness; reduced motor control

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13
Q

What are short term psych effects of bath salts?

A

Euphoria; social lubricant; psychosis and violent behaviors; suicidal thoughts; depression; panic attacks; cognitive constriction

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14
Q

What are long term effects of bath salts?

A

breakdown of muscle tissue; kidney failure; death

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15
Q

What are health related issues associated with bath salts?

A

Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infections from shared needles

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16
Q

Treatment options for bath salt addiction

A

CBT; Contingency management/motivational incentives; Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET); behavioral treatments

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17
Q

What is cocaine?

A

Stimulant made from the leaves of the Coca plant

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18
Q

What are street names for cocaine?

A

Blow; bump; C; Candy; Charlie; coke; crack; flake; rock; snow; toot

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19
Q

What forms does cocaine come in?

A

White powder; white crystallized rock

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20
Q

How is Cocaine used?

A

Snorted; smoked; injected

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21
Q

What DEA schedule is cocaine?

A

Schedule II

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22
Q

What are short term physical effects of cocaine use?

A

Increase in heart rate, temperature, and blood pressure; enlarged pupils; headache; abdominal pain and nausea; heart rhythm problems or heart attack; stroke, seizure, coma

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23
Q

What are short term psych effects of using cocaine?

A

Increased energy/alertness; insomnia and restlessness; erratic and violent behavior; paranoia, panic attacks, and psychosis

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24
Q

What are the long term effects of snorting cocaine?

A

Loss of smell, nasal damage, nosebleeds, and trouble swallowing

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25
Q

What are the long term effects of cocaine use in addition to those from snorting?

A

Infection and death of bowel from decreased blood flow; Poor nutrition and weight loss

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26
Q

What are health related effects of cocaine use?

A

Pregnancy; Risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infections diseases from shared needles

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27
Q

What effect does cocaine have on pregnancy?

A

Premature delivery, low birth wate, and neonatal abstinence syndrome

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28
Q

What is the effect of using cocaine with alcohol?

A

Greater risk of overdose and sudden death than either drug alone

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29
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of cocaine?

A

Depression, tiredness, increased appetite, insomnica, vivid unpleasant dreams, slowed thinking and movement, restlessness

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30
Q

What are the prefered behavioral therapies for cocaine use disorders?

A

CBT, Community reinforcement plus vouchers, contingency management, the matrix model, 12 step facilitation therapy

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31
Q

What is DMT?

A

A synthetic drug producing intense but short-lived hallucinogenic experience. (Can occur naturally in some South American plants)

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32
Q

What are street names for DMT?

A

DMT and Dimitri

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33
Q

What forms does DMT come in?

A

white or yellow crystalline powder

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34
Q

How is DMT used?

A

Snorted or injected

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35
Q

What DEA schedule is DMT?

A

Schedule I

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36
Q

What are short term physical effects of DMT?

A

hypertension, increased heart rate, agitation, seizures, dilated pupils, involuntary rapid eye movements, dizziness, and incoordination

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37
Q

What are short term psych effects of DMT?

A

Visual hallucinations, depersonalization, auditory hallucinations, altered perception of time and body image

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38
Q

What are related health risks associated with DMT?

A

high doses can result in coma or respiratory arrest

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39
Q

What therapies are effective in DMT?

A

None have been proven effective, as it is unclear if DMT is addictive

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40
Q

What is GHB?

A

A depressant used for narcolepsy

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41
Q

What are street names for GHB?

A

G, Georgia Home Boy, Goop, Grevious Bodily Harm, Liquid ecstacy, Liquid X, Soap, Scoop

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42
Q

What is the comercian name for GHB?

A

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (Xyrem)

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43
Q

What forms does GHB come in?

A

White powder or colorless liquid

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44
Q

How is GHB taken?

A

Swallowed (often in combination with ETOH)

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45
Q

What DEA Schedule is GHB?

A

Schedule I

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46
Q

What are short term psych effects of GHB?

A

Euphoria, decreased anxiety, confusion, memory loss, hallucinations, and excited/aggressive behavior

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47
Q

What are short term physical effects of GHB?

A

Drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness, seizures, decreased heart rate and breathing, lower body temperature, coma, death

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48
Q

What are health related issues associated with GHB?

A

Often used as a date rape drug

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49
Q

What are the effects of GHB in combination with ETOH?

A

Nausea, problems breathing, increased depressant effects

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50
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of GHB?

A

Insomnia, anxiety, tremors, shakes, increased heart rate and blood pressure, psychosis

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51
Q

What medications are useful in the treatment of GHB?

A

Benzodiazepines

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52
Q

What behavioral therapies are useful in the treatment of GHB?

A

None have been proven effective yet.

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53
Q

What is heroin?

A

An opiate made from morphine

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54
Q

What are street names for heroin?

A

Brown sugar, china, white, dope, H, horse, junk, skag, skunk, smack, white horse

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55
Q

What is cheese?

A

A combination of heroin with an OTC cold medication and antihistamine

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56
Q

What are common forms of heroin?

A

white/brownish powder, black sticky substance (black tar heroin)

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57
Q

How is heroin used?

A

Injected, smoked, or snorted

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58
Q

What DEA schedule is heroin?

A

Schedule I

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59
Q

What are short term psych effects of heroin?

A

Euphoria, clouded thinking, alternate wakeful/drowsy states

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60
Q

What are short term physical effects of heroin?

A

Flushed skin, dry mouth, itching, nauses, vomiting, slowed breathing and heart rate

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61
Q

What are long term effects of heroin?

A

Collapesed veins, absescesses, endocarditis, constipation/stomach cramps, liver or kidney disease, pneumonia

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62
Q

What are health related issues with heroin?

A

Pregnancy, risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infections diseases from shared needles

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63
Q

What are effects on a pregnancy from heroin?

A

miscarriage, low birth weight, neonatal abstinance syndrome

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64
Q

What is the effect of mixing ETOH and heroin?

A

Dangerous slowing of heart rate and breathing, coma, death

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65
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of heroin?

A

Restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes with goose bumps, leg movements

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66
Q

What are effective medication treatments for heroin?

A

Methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone

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67
Q

What are behavioral treatments for Heroin use?

A

Contingency management/motivational incentives, 12 step facilitation therapy

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68
Q

What are inhalents?

A

Solvents, aerosols, and gases found in household products

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69
Q

What are street names for inhalants?

A

Poppers, snappers, whippets, laughing gas

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70
Q

How are inhalants used?

A

Inhaled through the nose or mouth?

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71
Q

What DEA schedule are inhalents?

A

Not scheduled

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72
Q

What are short term effects of inhalants?

A

nausea, slurred speech, lack of coordination, dizziness, drowziness, headaches, death from heart failure, death from asphyxiation, convulsions, seizures, coma

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73
Q

What are short term psych effects of inhalants?

A

Confusion, euphoria, hallucinations/delusions

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74
Q

What are short term effects of inhaling nitrites?

A

Enlarged blood vessels, enhanced sexual pleasure, increased heart rate, sensation of heat and excitement, dizziness, headaches

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75
Q

What are long term effects of inhalents?

A

Liver/Kidney damage, bown marrow damage, nerve damage, brain damage

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76
Q

What are long term effects of inhaling nitrites?

A

Increased risk of pneumonia

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77
Q

What effect do inhalants have on pregnancy?

A

Low birth weight, bone problems, delayed behavioral development from brain problems, altered metabolism and body composition

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78
Q

What is the effect of mixing inhaled nitrites with ETOH?

A

dangerously low blood pressure

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79
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms from inhalants?

A

Nausea, loss of appetite, sweating, tics, sleeping problems, and mood changes

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80
Q

What is ketamine?

A

A dissociative drug used as an anesthetic in veterenary practice

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81
Q

What are street names for ketamine?

A

Cat valium, K, Special K, Vitamin K

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82
Q

What is the commercial name for ketamine?

A

Ketalar

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83
Q

What form is ketamine usually found in?

A

liquid or white powder

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84
Q

How is ketamine usually used?

A

injected, snorted, smoked in cigarrettes, or swallowed

85
Q

What DEA schedule is Ketamine?

A

Schedule III

86
Q

What are short term physical effects of ketamine?

A

Sedation, problems speaking, loss of memory, problems moving, increased blood pressure, unconsciousness, slowed breathing

87
Q

What are short term psych effects of ketamine?

A

Attention, learning, and memory deficits, dreamlike states, hallucinations, confusion

88
Q

What are long term effects of ketamine?

A

ulcers and pain in the bladder, kidney problems, stomach pain, depression, poor memory

89
Q

What are health related problems associated with ketamine?

A

It is sometimes used as a date rape drug and increased risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other diseases from shared needles

90
Q

What are the effects of mixing ETOH and ketamine?

A

Increased risk of adverse effects

91
Q

What is khat?

A

a shrub found in east Africa and southern Arabia which contains psychoactive chemicals (cathinone and cathine)

92
Q

What are street names for Khat?

A

Abyssinian tea, African salad, catha, chat, kat, oat

93
Q

What form is khat found in?

A

fresh or dried leaves

94
Q

How is khat used?

A

Chewed or brewed as a tea

95
Q

What DEA schedule is khat?

A

Cathinone is schedule I, but the khat plant is not controlled

96
Q

What are short term physical effects of khat?

A

increased blood pressure and heart rate, loss of appetite, insomnia

97
Q

What are short term psych effects of khat?

A

Euphoria, increased alertness and arousal, inability to concentrate, depression, and irritability

98
Q

What are long term effects of khat?

A

tooth decay and gum disease;l GI disorders; cardiovascular disorders

99
Q

What are health issues related to khat?

A

Psychosis may develop with heavy use

100
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of khat?

A

depression, nightmares, trembling, and lack of energy

101
Q

What is LSD?

A

A hallucinogen made from lysergic acid

102
Q

What are street names for LSD?

A

Acid, blotter, blue heaven,cubes, yellow sunshine, and microdot

103
Q

What forms is LSD found in?

A

Tablet; capsule; clear liquid; small decorated squares of paper with LSD liquid added to it.

104
Q

How is LSD used?

A

Swallowed or absorbed through the mouth

105
Q

What DEA schedule is LSD?

A

Schedule I

106
Q

What are short term physical effects of LSD?

A

elevated blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature; dizziness and insomnia; loss of appetite; dry mouth; sweating; numbness; weakness; tremors; enlarged pupils.

107
Q

What are short term psych effects of LSD?

A

Rapid emotional swings; distorted perceptions

108
Q

What are long term effects of LSD?

A

Flashbacks of hallucinations; ongoing visual disturbances; disorganized thinking; paranoia; and mood swings

109
Q

What are flashbacks after use of a hallucinogen called?

A

Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD)

110
Q

What is the result of combining ETOH and LSD?

A

May decrease percieved effects of ETOH

111
Q

What is marijuana?

A

A substance made from the hemp plant with psychoactive properties

112
Q

What are street names for marijuana?

A

Blunt, bud, dope, ganja, grass, green, herb, joint, mary jane, pot, reefer, sinsemilla, skunk, smoke, treets, weed

113
Q

What are street names for hashish?

A

Boom, gangster, hash, hemp

114
Q

What form is marijuana made in?

A

greenish grey mixture of dried leavs, stems, seeds or flowers; resin (hashish) or a sticky black liquid (hash oil)

115
Q

How is marijuana used?

A

Smoked or eaten

116
Q

What DEA schedule is marijuana?

A

Schedule I

117
Q

What are short term physical effects of marijuana?

A

problems with balence and coordination, increased heart rate and appetite

118
Q

What are short term psych effects of marijuana?

A

Enhanced sensory perception and euphoria; slowed reaction time; hallucinations; anxiety; panic attacks; psychosis

119
Q

What are long term effects of marijuana?

A

Mental health problems; chronic cough; frequent respiratory infections

120
Q

What is a health related issues associated with marijuana use as a teen?

A

Decreased IQ when repeated use begins in adolescence

121
Q

What effect does marijuana have on pregnancy?

A

baby is born with problems with attention, memory, and problem solving

122
Q

What are the effects of mixing ETOH with alcohol?

A

Increased heart rate and blood pressure; furthing slowing of mental processing and reaction time

123
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of marijuana?

A

Irritability, trouble sleeping, decreased appetite, and anxiety

124
Q

What are effective behavioral therapies for marijuana use?

A

CBT, contingency management/motivational incentives, motivational enhancesment therapy, behavioral treatments geared towards teens

125
Q

What is MDMA?

A

A synthetic, psychoactive drug with properties similar to amphetamines and mescaline

126
Q

What are other mainstream names of MDMA?

A

Ecstasy and Molly

127
Q

What are street names for MDMA?

A

Adam, clarity, eve, lovers speed, peace, uppers

128
Q

How is MDMA delivered?

A

colorful tablets, capsules, powder, or liquid

129
Q

How is MDMA taken?

A

Swallowed or snorted

130
Q

What DEA schedule is MDMA?

A

Schedule I

131
Q

What are short term psych effects of MDMA?

A

lowered inhibitions, enhanced sensory perception, confusion, depression, sleep problems, anxiety

132
Q

What are short term physical effects of MDMA?

A

Increased heart rate and blood pressure, muscle tension, teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, faintness, chills/sweating, sharp rise in body temperature leading to liver, kidney or heart failure and death

133
Q

What are long term effects of MDMA?

A

long-lasting confusion, depression, problems with attention, memory, and sleep, anxiety, loss of appetite, impulsiveness/aggression, loss of interest in sex

134
Q

What are the effects of using MDMA with ETOH?

A

Increased risk of cell and organ damage

135
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms from MDMA?

A

Fatigue, loss of appetite, depression, trouble concentrating

136
Q

What is mescaline?

A

a hallucinogen found in the disk shaped buttons in the grown of cacti

137
Q

What is another mainstream name for mescaline?

A

Peyote

138
Q

What are street names for mescaline?

A

buttons, cactus, mesc

139
Q

How is mescaline delivered?

A

Fresh or dried buttons, capsules

140
Q

How is mescaline taken?

A

Swallowed either chewed or soaked in water then drunk

141
Q

What DEA schedule is mescaline?

A

Schedule I

142
Q

What are the short term psych effects of mescaline?

A

Enhanced perception and feeling; hallucinations; euphoria; anxiety

143
Q

What are short term physical effects of mescaline?

A

Increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure; sweating; problems with movement

144
Q

What is methamphetamine?

A

An extremely addictive stimulant amphetamine

145
Q

What are street names for methamphetamine?

A

Crank, chalk, crystal, fire, glass, go fast, ice, meth, speed

146
Q

What are common forms of meth?

A

White powder or pill; crystal meth looks like little pieces of glass or shiny blue-white rocks

147
Q

How is meth used?

A

Swallowed, snorted, smoked, and injected

148
Q

What are short term effects of meth?

A

Increased wakefullness and physical activity; decreased appetite; increased breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature; cardiac arrythmia

149
Q

What are long term effects of meth?

A

anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood problems, vilent behavior, psychosis, weight loss, dental problems, itching leading to sores due to scratching

150
Q

What effect does meth have on pregnancy?

A

premature delivery, placental abruption, low birth weight, lethargy, heart and brain problems

151
Q

What are other health related issues associated with meth?

A

Increased risk of HIV, hepatitis, and other infections from shared needles

152
Q

What is the result of mixing meth with alcohol?

A

meth masks the depressent effects of alcohol, making it easier to OD on ETOH; increased blood pressure and jitters

153
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of meth?

A

Depression, anxiety, and tiredness

154
Q

What behavioral treatments are effective with meth?

A

CBT; contingency management/motivational incentives; matrix model; 12 step facilitation

155
Q

Where is dextromethorphan used in commercial use?

A

cold and cough medicines

156
Q

What are street names for dextromethorphan?

A

DMX, robotripping, triple C, Robo

157
Q

What forms does DMX come in?

A

syrup and capsules

158
Q

How is DMX used?

A

swallowed

159
Q

What DEA schedule is DMX?

A

Not scheduled

160
Q

What are short term psych effects of DMX?

A

Euphoria, confusion, paranoia, altered visual perceptions

161
Q

What are short term physical effects of DMX?

A

slurred speech; increased heart rate, temperature, and blood pressure; numbness, dizziness, nausea/vomiting, buildup of acid in body fluids

162
Q

What are health related issues of DMX?

A

Breathing problems, sizures, and increased heart rate can occur from other ingredients in cold meds

163
Q

What is the effect of mixing DMX with ETOH?

A

Increased risk of adverse effects

164
Q

What is PCP?

A

A dissociative drug that was developed as an IV anesthetic

165
Q

What are street names for PCP?

A

Angel Dust, Boat, hog, love boat, peace pill

166
Q

How is PCP delivered?

A

White or colored powder, tablet or capsule, clear liquid

167
Q

How is PCP used?

A

Injected, snorted, swallowed or smoked (mixed with mint, parsley, oregano, or MJ)

168
Q

What DEA schedule is PCP?

A

I and II

169
Q

What are short term psych effects of PCP?

A

psychosis, cognitive constriction, a sense of distance from environment, anxiety

170
Q

What are short term effects of low doses of PCP?

A

increase in breathing, increased blood pressure and heart rate, shallow breathing, red face and sweating, numbness, problems with movement

171
Q

What are short term effects of high dose PCP?

A

lowered blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate; nausea/vomiting; blurred vision; drooling; loss of balence; dizziness; violence; suicidal thoughts; seizures; and coma or death

172
Q

What are long term effects of PCP?

A

Memory loss, problems with speech and thinking, depression, weight loss, anxiety

173
Q

What are health related issues of PCP?

A

Self-injury and increased risk of infections from shared needles

174
Q

What are the effects of mixing PCP with ETOH?

A

Increased risk of coma

175
Q

What are the withdrawal symptoms of PCP?

A

Headaches and sweating

176
Q

What is the scientific name of PCP?

A

phencyclidine

177
Q

What is Psilocybin?

A

A hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms

178
Q

What are street names for psilocybin?

A

Little Smoke, Magic mushrooms, Purple passion, shrooms

179
Q

How is psilocybin delivered?

A

fresh or dried mushrooms with long, slender stems with caps with dark gills

180
Q

How is psilocybin taken?

A

swallowed (either eaten or brewed as a tea)

181
Q

What DEA schedule is psilocybin?

A

Schedule I

182
Q

What are short term psych effects of psilocybin?

A

hallucinations, altered perceptions of time, inability to tell fantasy from reality, and panic

183
Q

What are short term physical effects of psilocybin?

A

Muscle relaxation or weakness; problems with movement; enlarged pupils; nausea; vomiting; drowsiness

184
Q

What are long term effects of psilocybin?

A

Flashbacks or memory problems

185
Q

What are health problems associated with psilocybin?

A

Risk of poisoning from poisonous mushrooms

186
Q

What is the effect of mixing ETOH and psilocybin?

A

Decrease percieved effects of ETOH

187
Q

What is rohypnol?

A

A benzodiazepine

188
Q

What is the chemical name for rohypnol?

A

Flunitrazepam

189
Q

What are street names for rohypnol and sleeping pills?

A

Circles; date rape drug; forget pill; forget-me pill; la rocha; lunch money; mexican valium; mind eraser; pingus; R2; Reynolds; Rib; Roach 2; Roaches; Rochies; Roapies; Rochas dos; Roofies; Rope; Rophies; Row-shay; ruffles; trip and fall; wolfies

190
Q

What are street names for codeine?

A

Captain Cody; Cody; Lean; Schoolboy; Sizzurp; Purple Drank

191
Q

What is codiene with glutethimide called?

A

Doors and Fours; loads; pancakes and syrup

192
Q

What are street names for Fentanyl?

A

Apache; china girl; china white; dance fever; friend; goodfella; jackpot; murder 8; tango and cash; TNT

193
Q

What are street names for hydrocodone?

A

Vike, Watson 387

194
Q

What are street names for dilaudid?

A

D; dillies; footballs; juice; smack

195
Q

What are street names for demerol?

A

Demmies; pain killer

196
Q

What are street names for methadone?

A

Amidone; Fizzies

197
Q

What is the street name for methadone with MDMA?

A

Chocolate chip cookies

198
Q

What are street names for morphine?

A

M; Miss Emma; Monkey; White Stuff

199
Q

What are street names for Oxycodone?

A

O.C.; Oxycet; Oxycotton; Oxy; Hillbilly Heroin; Percs

200
Q

What are street names for oxymorphone/Opana?

A

Biscuits, blue heaven; Blues; Mrs O; O bomb; Octagons; stop signs

201
Q

What are short term effects of prescription opiates?

A

Pain relief; drowsiness; nausea; constipation; euphoria; confusion; slowed breathing; death.

202
Q

What effect does prescription opiate use have on pregnancy?

A

Miscarriage; low birth weight; neonatal abstinence syndrome

203
Q

What effect does prescription opiate use have on older adults?

A

Higher risk of accidental misuse or abuse due to using multiple prescriptions; increased risk of drug-drug interations; breakdown of drugs slows with age

204
Q

What is the effect of mixing alcohol with prescription opiates?

A

Dangerous slowing of heart rate and breathing leading to coma or death

205
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms of prescription opiates?

A

Restlessness; muscle and bone pain; insomnia; diarrhea; vomiting; cold flashes with goose bumps; and leg movements

206
Q

What medications are used to treat prescription opiate abuse?

A

Methadone; buprenorphine; naltrexone

207
Q

What are street names for barbiturates?

A

Barbs; phennies; Red birds; reds; Tooies; Yellow jackets; Yellows

208
Q

What are street names for benzodiazepines?

A

Candy; downers; sleeping pills; tranks

209
Q

What are the short term effects of prescription sedatives?

A

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IR&RC Addiction Counselor Exam (6 decks)

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