Drugs in Neurology AB

Question 1

What is the mechanism of pregabalin?

Answer 1

Binds to voltage gated calcium channels in the CNS to modulate calcium influx and inhibit release of excitatory neurotransmitters.

Brownie points:
Although structurally related to the GABA, pregabalin is not known to significantly affect GABA or its receptors.

Question 2

What is the mechanism of carbamazepine?

Answer 2

Prevents repetitive neuronal discharges by blocking voltage-dependent and use-dependent sodium channels.

Question 3

What is the mechanism of sodium valproate?

Answer 3

Blocks voltage-gated and use-dependent sodium channels

Also, enhancement of GABA, inhibition of glutamate and blockade of T-type calcium channels.

Question 4

What is the mechanism of phenytoin?

Answer 4

Prevents repetitive neuronal discharge by blocking voltage-dependent and use-dependent sodium channels.

Question 5

What is the mechanism of levetiracetam?

Answer 5

Exact mechanism unknown. May modulate neurotransmission by binding to synaptic vesicle protein 2A.

Question 6

What is the mechanism of acetazolamide?

Answer 6

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase and therefore bicarbonate synthesis

Eye: reduces aqueous humour secretion and thereby intraocular pressure

Brain: leads to the accumulation of carbon dioxide, reducing the spread of seizure activity.