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Drugs from Bob Flashcards

1
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Prozac, SSRI that is the only FDA approved treatment for major depression in children

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2
Q

Sertraline

A

Zoloft, SSRI

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3
Q

Paroxetine

A

Paxil, SSRI

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4
Q

Escitalopram

A

Lexapro, SSRI used often for depression or anxiety

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5
Q

Citalopram

A

Celexa, SSRI

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6
Q

What can an SSRI/SNRI treat?

A

MDD, GAD, OCD, bulimia, panic disorder, PTSD

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7
Q

SSRI/SNRI ADRs

A

Sexual dsyfunction, nausea/headache, serotonin syndrome (concern for interaction with MAOIs, linezolid, dextromethorphan, sumitriptan, tramadol, St John’s wort), bruxism, weight gain

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8
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Effexor, SNRI that can be given to help with patient’s complaining of fatigue

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9
Q

Duloxetine

A

Cymbalta, SNRI that can help with pain, can cause dry mouth, insomnia, somnolence, and increased sweats

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10
Q

What can a TCA treat?

A

MDD, bipolar, OCD, chronic pain, panic disorder

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11
Q

TCA ADRs

A

anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision due to miosis, tachycardia, urine retention, constipation), orthostatic hypotension, sedation, priapism, can interact with sympathomimetics and MAOIs

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12
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Elavil, TCA, antidepressant and neuropathic pain management, can be used for migraines

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13
Q

Doxepin

A

Sinequan, TCA, antidepressant and neuropathic pain management that is particularly used in insomniacs to help sleep

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14
Q

Clomipramine

A

Anafranil, TCA, antidepressant and neuropathic pain management

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15
Q

Selegiline

A

Zelapar, MAOI, similar treatment profile and ADRs/interactions as TCAs but also requires dietary restrictions from foods with tyramine

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16
Q

Trazadone

A

Desyrel, atypical antidepressant that creates moderate blockade often used as adjunct to SSRI, and has good use in insomniacs as well

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17
Q

Amoxapine

A

Ascendin, 2nd gen TCA atypical antidepressant that is both an antidepressant and has neuroleptic (antipsychotic) properties, have to monitor for development of extrapyramidal symptoms

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18
Q

Buproprion

A

Wellbutrin, atypical antidepressant that has stimulant properties as well and can suppress appetite and cravings and is thus also used for smoking cessation

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19
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Remeron, atypical antidepressant that is a new drug class that acts similar to an SSRI and has similar side effects

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20
Q

Prazosin

A

Minipress, atypical antidepressant that is antihypertensive and treats urinary retention through being an a blocker, has use for PTSD sleep disorder patients

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21
Q

Lurasidone

A

Latuda, 2nd gen atypical antipsychotic, used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar major depression

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22
Q

Cabergoline

A

Dopamine promotor ergot derivative for hyperprolactinemic disorders

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23
Q

Perphenazine

A

Trilafon, 1st gen antipsychotic used for treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis often given PRN in these patients for acute anxiety/agitation

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24
Q

1st vs 2nd gen antipsychotics

A

1st gen cause strong blockade of dopamine in CNS causing extrapyramidial movement symptoms, 2nd gen have moderate dopamine receptor blockade and serotonergic blockade as well and have lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms but greater risk of metabolic effects, but both are ultimately are very efficient at treatment of psychosis

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25
Aripiprazole
Abilify, 2nd gen antipsychotic used for treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar, and depression (sometimes supplemental to an SSRI)
26
Tolterodine
Detrol, Bladder relaxant used to treat over-active bladder symptoms such as incontinence
27
Sodium valproate
Depakote and divalproex sodium, Anticonvulsant that can also be a very effective mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder 2nd choice to lithium with similar efficacy profile, can also help migraines, concern because highly toxic to 1st trimester pregnancy development, must monitor depakote level in patient's blood and an ammonia level
28
Haloperidol
Haldol, 1st gen antipsychotic used to treat psychosis and schizophrenia
29
Paliperidone
Invega, injectable 2nd gen atypical antipsychotic for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
30
Clozapine
Clozaril, 2nd gen antipsychotic indicated only for patients with schizophrenia who have not responded to traditional agents or who cannot tolerate extra pyramidal side effects, large ADR is agranulocytosis that can be fatal requiring mandatory weekly monitoring of blood counts and highest incidence of weight gain, if develop neutropenia need to stop dose temporarily or discontinue and give filgrastrim (neupogen)
31
Lithium
Mainstay in treatment for all episodes and subtypes of bipolar disorder highly effective for stabilizing acute mania by reducing euphoria and hyperactivity without causing sedation
32
Lithium ADR's
Extremely toxic when out of therapeutic range, polyuria, tremor, teratogen in 1st trimester or breast feeding
33
Carbamezapine
Tegretol, anti-convulsant that is also useful as a mood stabilizer to prevent manic episodes in bipolar, but not as effective as valproate, recommended to have blood tests periodically in some cases or just monitor for symptoms
34
Lorazepam
Ativan, sedative benzodiazepine used for anxiety and insomnia
35
Diazepam
Valium, sedative benzodiazepine used for anxiety and insomnia and the DOC for status epilepticus
36
Alprazolam
Xanax, sedative benzodiazepine used for anxiety and panic disorder
37
Lacosamide
Vimpat, anti-convulsant that can treat partial seizures
38
4 things benzos are used for
- Anxiety drug of choice (short term typically while antidepressant is long term) - insomnia drug of choice - seizure disorders (diazepam is DOC for status epilepticus) - Induction of anesthesia
39
Benzos ADR's
- CNS depression - respiratory depression if combined with other drugs - physical dependence
40
Flumazenil
Romazicon, Competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist approved for treatment of benzodiazepine overdosage and for reversing effects of benzos following general anesthesia
41
Flurazepam
Dalmane, Long acting benzodiazepine for treatment of insomnia, has long half life resulting in hangover effect
42
Temazepam
Restoril, short acting hypnotic benzodiazepine used 1-2hours before bedtime
43
Zolpidem
Ambien, Benzodiazepine receptor agonists, acts rapidly to decrease sleep latency, relatively safe with low potential for tolerance, abuse, or dependence, called the nonbenzo benzo as it acts through a different mechanism but helps treat insomnia
44
Zalepon
Sonata, Benzodiazepine receptor agonists with fast onset for taking in middle of night if cannot sleep
45
Rozerem
Ramelton, melatonin receptor agonist for short duration sleep activation in patients
46
Suvorexant
Belsomra, orexin receptor antagonist, orexin neurons are active during wakefulness and silent during sleep, loss of signaling associated with narcolepsy, blocking peptides allows for deep sleep -Treatment for sleep onset or maintenance insomnia
47
Buspirone
Buspar, A non benzoanxiolytic used for the short term treatment of generalized anxiety as alternative because it does not cause sedation, has no abuse potential, and although takes weeks to peak effects has proven equally effective for short term GAD treatment
48
Propranolol
Inderol, treats high blood pressure as a B blocker but also anxiety and intermittant explosive disorder high dose up to 900mg
49
Naltrexone/buproprion
Contrave, FDA approved weight loss pill
50
Methylphenidate
Jornay and ritalin, stimulant used to treat ADHD, jornay is given at night because it is delayed release allowing the patient to wake up the next morning for it to take effect as it is digested in the stomach the night before, so not a change of drug from ritalin which is taken in morning, but rather a change in timing.
51
Lumateperone
Caplyta, 2nd gen antipsychotic, can have some side fx including dyslipidemia, EPS, neuroleptic malignant syndrome
52
Topiramate
Topamax, anticonvulsant and nerve pain medication used in bipolar, cluster headaches, migraines, epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia
53
Ziprasidone
Geodon, 2nd gen atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
54
clonazepam
Klonopin, benzodiazepine sedative that can treat seizures, panic disorder, and anxiety
55
Olanzapine
Zyprexa, 2nd gen antipsychotic that can treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
56
oxcarbazepine
Trileptal, anticonvulsant that can treat epileptic seizures and acts as a mood stabilizer in bipolar
57
Levetiracetam
Keppra, anticonvulsant for seizure prophylaxis that can have side effects such as depression, hostility, aggressive behavior, and suicidality
58
Loxapine
Adasuve, antipsychotic that can treat schizophrenia
59
Acetazolamide
Diamox, treats glaucoma, head trauma, fluid retention, and motion sickness
60
Trihexyphenidyl
Arlane, Anticholinergic used as anti-parkinsonian drug for patients with parkinsons or EPS, can cause anticholinergic symptoms such as tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention, blurry vision
61
Pimavanserin
Nuplavsid, anti-parkinson drug that can be used without having to alter neuroleptics, or to treat hallucinations and delusions in parkinson disease psychosis, ADR's include CNS depression, esophageal dysmotility, orthostatic hypotension, falls, and QT prolongation
62
Quetiapine
Seroquel, 2nd gen atypical antipsychotic that is often used as an add-on to an antidepressant
63
Fluvoxamine
Luvox, SSRI specific and best for OCD
64
quinidine/dextromethorphan
Nuedexta, combo used for pseudobulbar affect
65
Loratadine
Claritin, 2nd gen antihistmaine
66
Oxybutynin
Bladder relaxant that can be used to treat overactive bladder symptoms
67
Midazolam
Versed, benzodiazepine sedative used for surgery as it sedates quickly and can make an individual calm and relaxed without needing general anesthesia
68
Chlordiazepoxide
Librium, benzodiazepine sedative used for anxiety, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and tremor
69
Clorazepate
Transxene, benzodiazepine sedative used for anxiety, trouble sleeping, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, and even certain types of seizures
70
Eszopiclone
Lunesta, sedative hypnotic used to treat insomnia in short-medium term
71
Oxazepam
Serax, Benzodiazepine sedative used for anxiety, depression, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal
72
Carbidopa/Levodopa
Sinemet, dopamine promotor that can treat parkinson's or parkinson's like symptoms
73
Benzatropine
Cogentin, anticholinergic that can treat parkinson's disease and side effects of other drugs due to the side effects of certain psychotic drugs
74
Tamsulosin
Flomax, alpha blocker that relaxes muscles in the prostate or bladder for urinary retention
75
Fluphenazine
Modecate, antipsychotic for schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, etc.
76
Hydroxyzine pamoate vs hcl
Vistaril, 1st gen antihistamine used for anxiety, nausea, and as a sedative before surgery. The hcl version is Atarax, used for allergies and itching primarily
77
Celecoxib
Celebrex, NSAID that is the only medication that targets the cox 2 pain receptors to decrease inflammation, with the rest that are still approved being mixed cox 1 and cox 2. The other cox 2 inhibitors are discontinued because of increased risk of heart attacks and strokes
78
Chlorpromazine
Thorazine, 1st gen antipsychotic for schizophrenia, manic depression, severe behavior problems in children, as well as tetanus, blood disorders such as porphyria, severe nausea and vomiting
79
Dextroamphetamine
Dexedrine and aderall, CNS stimulant for treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy
80
Lamotrigine
Anticonvulsant that is also used as a mood stabilizer, Patients taking drug(s) that induce lamotrigine metabolism (eg, carbamazepine, phenytoin, others) need concern, Increased clearance of lamotrigine that is associated with pregnancy and oral contraceptive use, biggest ADRs are rash and nausea
81
Gabapentin
Used for nerve pain and anticonvulsant adjunct, but can be a mood stabilizer, often used for alcohol use disorder, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain such as postherpetic neuralgia, can have neurologic side effects
82
Lisdexamfetamine
vyvanse, CNS stimulant for treatment of ADHD and binge eating disorder, Controlled substance Can cause rapid or irregular heartbeat, delirium, panic, psychosis, and heart failure.
83
Atomoxetine
Straterra, Norepi reuptake inhibitor, cannot suddenly withdraw, not controlled substance but can cause suicidal ideation in teens and adolescents some adverse reactions may be increased in "poor metabolizers" (CYP2D6) and includes headache, insomnia, xerostomia, drowsiness, hyperhidrosis
84
guanfacine
Intuniv, alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist, treats high blood pressure by decreasing heart rate and relaxing the blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily through the body. Guanfacine extended-release tablets may treat ADHD by affecting the part of the brain that controls attention and impulsivity. Side effects can include fainting, blurred vision, slow HR
85
Topiramate
anticonvulsant and nerve pain medication, migraines and neuralgias, most useful for people who have bipolar mood disorders that other mood stabilizers have been unable to control. It can relieve symptoms and make taking antidepressants possible for people who were unable to take them before without experiencing mania or a mixed state
86
Clonidine (catapres)
(catapres, kapvay) extended release acts as alpha agonist to treat high blood pressure but acts at the CNS in therapy for ADHD as well

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