Drugs For The ANS I

Question 1

Details of the somatic NS?

Answer 1

A single myelinated fiber from
ANS to skeletal m

Uses ACh

Question 2

Details of the ANS (efferent)?

Answer 2

2 neurons in series which syn in ganglia, inn smooth, heart and glands

Only pregang is myelinated

Question 3

What’s the NT in all ganglia and post gang parasympathetic fibers?

Answer 3

ACh

Question 4

What’s the NT in most post gang sympathetic fibers?

Answer 4

Norepinephrine

Question 5

Where do SNS pregang fibers exit CNS in the SC?

Answer 5

Thoracic and lumbar regions

Question 6

Where do PNS pregang fibers exit CNS in the SC?

Answer 6

3, 7, 9, 10 CN and 2-4th sacral nerves

Short post gang fibers, localized effect

Question 7

Adrenal medulla?

Answer 7

• A special sympathetic ganglion
• inn by pregang sym fibers that release ACh
• release epi (a hormone) from chromaffin cells into blood
• sweat glands for temp control (post gang release ACh to A+ eccrine sweat glands)

Question 8

PNS effects

Answer 8

Local, positive
Constricts pupils, focuses on near objects
Erection

Question 9

SNS effects

Answer 9

Diffuse, negative
Bronchodilation
I- labor uterine contractions

Question 10

5 steps of neurotransmission?

Answer 10

Synthesis, storage, release, binding, inactivation of transmitter

Question 11

Post ganglionic neurotransmission?

Answer 11

Cholinergic (ACh)

Adrenergic (NE)

Question 12

ACh syn?

Answer 12

Acetyl CoA plus choline via choline acetyltransferase

Question 13

Post gang mech?

Answer 13

ACh release to bind M3 ➡️ more Ca ➡️ effect on tissue

Question 14

Where is ACh made and stored?

Answer 14

Cytosol

Vesicles, where it accumulates

Question 15

Steps of cholinergic transmission?

Answer 15

AP depolarizes mem, opens volt gated Ca channels, Ca influx ➡️ expcytosis, ACh vesicles fuse and release contents

Empty vesicles are recycled

A+ of M2 receptors on nerve term can I- further release of ACh ***feedback I-

Question 16

What does botulinum toxin block?

Answer 16

Exocytosis (ACh vesicles fusing and releasing contents)

Question 17

How does depolarization happen?

Answer 17

AP ➡️ depolarization ➡️ opens volt Ca channels

Question 18

What are muscarinic receptors?

Answer 18

A class of ACh receptors
1-5
G pro linked
A+ of M2 receptors on nerve terminal can I- further release of ACh (feedback inhibition)
A+ of M3 receptors on target tissue ➡️ increase in cell Ca

ACh is the only agonist for these receptors

Question 19

What is the anta for muscarinic receptors?

Answer 19

ACh

Question 20

Where is AChase found?

Answer 20

Post syn mem

Question 21

What does BChE do?

Answer 21

I- ACh re entering blood

Question 22

Steps to make Epi and NE?

Answer 22

Tyrosine to Dopa (Catechol) to Dopamine to E and NE

Tyr hydroxylated to Dopa is rate limiting step

Remove carboxyl group to get DA

DA taken up by storage vesicles

Question 23

What neurons use which NT?

Answer 23

DA neurons: DA is NT, stored
Adrenergic neurons: DA to NE in vesicle
Adrenal Med: NE to Epi via a methyl group

Question 24

How is NE stored?

Answer 24

In high conc w/ ATP

Question 25

In adrenergic neurotransmission what I- excess NE release via feedback I-?

Answer 25

A+ of alpha2 receptors on the nerve terminal

Question 26

What are the adrenergic receptors? What are the ago?

Answer 26

Alpha1,2 and beta 1,2

NE and epi

Question 27

What do epi and NE bind?

Answer 27

Epi: all adrenergic receptors
NE: all except B2
DA: DA D receptors, B1 and a1 adrenergic receptors