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Pharm Chapter 13 > Drugs For Seizures > Flashcards

Drugs For Seizures Flashcards

1
Q

Epilesy

A

Condition characterized by recurrent seizures

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2
Q

Seizure

A

Disturbance of electrical activity in the brain that may affect consciousness, motor activity, and sensation.

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3
Q

Convulsions

A

Involuntary, violent spasms of large skeletal muscles of the face, neck, arms, and legs.

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4
Q

Febrile seizure

A

Convulsion in a child triggered by a fever

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5
Q

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

A

Severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, characterized by seizures, coma, and perinatal mortality.

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6
Q

Partial (focal) seizures

A

Involves limited portion of the brain. Abnormal electrical activity starts on one side and travels only a short distance before it stops.

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7
Q

Generalized seizures

A

Travels throughout the entire brain on both sides. The seizure is thought to originate bilaterally and symmetrically within the brain.

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8
Q

Status epilepticus

A

Medical emergency caused by the repeated occurrence of a seizure.

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9
Q

Amobarbital (Amytal)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Barbiturates

Control of status epilepticus or acute convulsive episodes; schedule IV drug

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10
Q

Mephobarbital (Mebaral)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Barbiturates

Rarely used for seizures, converted to phenobarbital by the liver

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11
Q

Phenobarbital (luminal)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Barbiturates

For tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, status epilepticus, and eclampsia; schedule IV drug

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12
Q

Primidone (Mysoline)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Barbiturates

For tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, status epilepticus, and eclampsia; IV drug

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13
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Benzodiazepine

For absence and minor motor seizures; and panic disorder; schedule IV drug

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14
Q

Clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Benzodiazepine

For partial seizures and anxiety; schedule IV drug

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15
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Benzodiazepine

For status epilepticus and anxiety related symptoms and muscle spasms

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16
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Benzodiazepine

Most potent of benzodiazepines; for status epilepticus, nausea, vomiting, preoperative sedation, anxiety, and insomnia; schedule IV drug

17
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Newer GABA-related drugs

Chemical structure similar to GABA; speeds up release of GABA from brain neurons; for partial seizures or seizures that could become generalized

18
Q

Pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Newer GABA-Related drugs

Chemical structure similar to GABA; for partial seizures

19
Q

Tiagabine (Gabitril)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Newer GABA-Related drugs

Inhibits uptake of GABA into presynaptic neurons, prolonging GABA action; for partial seizures

20
Q

Topiramate (Topamax)

A

Antiseizure drugs that potentiate GABA action
Newer GABA-Related drugs

Sugar-like chemical molecule; enhances action of GABA; for partial seizures

21
Q

Fosphenytoin sodium (Cerebyx)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs

Converted to phenytoin in the body; for control of status epilepticus; short-term substitute for oral phenytoin

22
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs

For tonic-clonic, complex partial seizures, and seizures after head trauma

23
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

For tonic-clonic and complex partial seizures; trigeminal neuralgia (intense pain along angle of jaw), and bipolar

24
Q

Felbamate (Felbatol)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

For Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and partial seizures; may cause anemia and liver toxicity in some pts.

25
Q

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

For partial, generalized tonic-clonic, and myoclonic seizures; and bipolar

26
Q

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

For partial seizures

27
Q

Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

Derivative of carbamazepine with similar treatment profile; may cause serious skin and organ hypersensitivity reactions in some pts.

28
Q

Valproic acid (Depakene)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

Broad spectrum rx; for absence, and mixed generalized seizures; also for bipolar

29
Q

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

A

Hydantoins and related drugs
Phenytoin-like drugs

Broad spectrum rx; for partial seizures; it is a sulfonamide, which means may cause allergic reaction in some pts

30
Q

Ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A

Succinimide

For absence, myoclonic seizures, and akinetic epilepsy

31
Q

Methsuximide (celontin)

A

Succinimide

For absence seizures; may be used in combination with other anticonvulsants in mixed types of seizure activity

32
Q

Phensuximude (Milontin)

A

Succinimide

For absence seizures; similar characteristics to methsuximide

Pharm Chapter 13 (1 decks)

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