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Pharm Chapter 14 > Drugs For Pain Control > Flashcards

Drugs For Pain Control Flashcards

1
Q

Nociceptor

A

Activation of receptor nerve endings that receive and transmit pain signals to the spinal cord and brain

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2
Q

Endogenous opioids

A

Group of neurotransmitters including endorphins, dynorphins, and enkephalins

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3
Q

Analgesics

A

Medications used to relieve pain

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4
Q

Opioid

A

Narcotic which is a Natural or synthetic morphine like substance responsible for reducing severe pain, produces numbness or stuporlike symptoms.

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5
Q

Opiates

A

Opium consisting of 9% to 14% morphine and 0.8 to 2.5% codeine

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6
Q

Narcotic

A

Stupor associated with morphine like drugs that produce analgesia and CNS depression.

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7
Q

Codeine

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with Moderate effectiveness

Also for cough; avail in IM and SC forms; combination drug with aspirin is called empirin with codeine and with acetaminophen, tylenol with codeine

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8
Q

Hydrocodone bitartrate (bi-tar-trate) (hycodan)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with Moderate effectiveness

Also for cough; combination drug with acetaminophen is called amacodone C, Co-Gesic, Vicodin, Dolacet, Norcet, and Norco

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9
Q

Oxycodone hydrochloride (OxyContin)

Oxycodone terephthalate (Percocet-5, Roxicet, others)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with Moderate effectiveness

Combination drug with acetaminophen is called Percocet or Tylox; with aspirin is called Percodan or Roxiprin

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10
Q

Propoxyphene hydrochloride (Darvon)

Propoxyphene napsylate (Darvon-N)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with Moderate effectiveness

Combination drug with acetaminophen is called Darvocet or Propacet; with aspirin and caffeine is called Darvon or Dolene

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11
Q

Fentanyl (Sublimaze)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

Used with anesthesia for surgery and other procedures

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12
Q

Hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

Also for cough; avail IM, IV, SC, and rectally

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13
Q

Levorphanol tartrate (Levo-Dromoran)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

Also avail in SC forms

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14
Q

Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

For Preoperative rx or obstetric analgesia; avail in IM, IV, and SC forms

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15
Q

Methadone hydrochloride (Dolophine)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

For detox treatment of opioid dependency; avail IM and IV forms

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16
Q

Morphine sulfate (Astramorph PF, Duramorph, others)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

Avail IM, IV, SC, Intrathecal, epidural, and rectal forms

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17
Q

Oxymorphone hydrochloride (Numorphan)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid agonists with High effectiveness

Also avail in IV and rectal forms

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18
Q

Nalmefene hydrochloride (Revex)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid antagonist

For opioid overdose and postoperative opioid depression

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19
Q

Naloxone (Narcan)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid antagonist

For opioid overdose and postoperative opioid depression

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20
Q

Naltrexone hydrochloride (Trexan, ReVia)

A

Opioids for pain management
Opioid antagonist

For management of opiate or alcohol dependence; longer lasting effect than naloxone

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21
Q

Buprenorphine hydrochloride (Buprenex)

A

Opioid for pain management
Opioid with mixed agonist- antagonist effects

For moderate to severe pain; also avail SC, epidural, and rectally

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22
Q

Butorphanol tartrate (Stadol)

A

Opioid for pain management
Opioid with mixed agonist- antagonist effects

For obstetrical analgesia during labor, cancer pain, renal colic, and burns; avail in IV and intranasal forms

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23
Q

Dezocine (Dalgan)

A

Opioid for pain management
Opioid with mixed agonist- antagonist effects

Causes less respiratory depression than morphine sulfate

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24
Q

Nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain)

A

Opioid for pain management
Opioid with mixed agonist- antagonist effects

For moderate to severe pain

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25
Q

Pentazocine hydrochloride (Talwin)

A

Opioid for pain management
Opioid with mixed agonist- antagonist effects

For moderate to severe pain ( lower dose fir women in labor)

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26
Q

Patient controlled analgesia (PCA)

A

Pts are allowed to self medicate with opiate rx by pressing a button, safe levels of pain rx are delivered with an infusion pump

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27
Q

Cyclooxygenase (COX)

A

Enzyme responsible for the formation of prostaglandins

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28
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

A

Nonopioid analgesics

Also for fever; avail in rectal form

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29
Q

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
NSAID selective COX-2 inhibitor

Also for inflammation

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30
Q

Diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

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31
Q

Diflunisal (Dolobid)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

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32
Q

Etodolac (Lodine)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

33
Q

Fenoprofen calcium (Nalfron)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

34
Q

Flurbiprofen (Ansaid)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Similar to ibuprofen

35
Q

Ibuprofen (advil, motrin)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for fever and inflammation

36
Q

Indomethacin (Indocin)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also used for moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis and acute gouty arthritis

37
Q

Ketoprofen (Actron, Orudis)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

38
Q

Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for allergic conjunctivitis, avail in IM/IV forms

39
Q

Mefenamic acid (Ponstel)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Used for short-term relief of mild to moderate pain, incl. menstrual cramps

40
Q

Meloxicam (mobic)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Used for osteoarthritis

41
Q

Nabumetone (Relafen)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Inhibits COX-2 more than COX-1

42
Q

Naproxen (Naprosyn)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

43
Q

Naproxen sodium (Aleve, anaprox)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for dysmenorrhea

44
Q

Oxaprozin (Daypro)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Similar to naproxen; once a day dosage

45
Q

Piroxicam (feldene)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Has prolonged half-life

46
Q

Sulindac (Clinoril)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

47
Q

Tolmetin (tolectin)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Ibuprofen and ibuprofen-like: nonsalicylates

Also for inflammation

48
Q

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Salicylate

Also for fever, inflammation, and thromboembolic disorders, prevention of TIA and heart attacks; avail rectally

49
Q

Choline salicylate (Arthropan)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Salicylate

Also for inflammation; may be indicated for pts having difficulty swallowing tablets or capsules

50
Q

Salsalate (Disalcid)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Salicylate

Also for fever, inflammation

51
Q

Clonidine (Catapres)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Centrally acting drug

Also used for hypertension

52
Q

Tramadol (Ultram)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Centrally acting drug

Causes less respiratory depression than morphine

53
Q

Ziconotide (Prialt)

A

Nonopioid analgesics
Centrally acting drug

Also used for muscle spasticity

54
Q

A fibers

A

Wrapped thinly in myelin that signal sharp, well defined pain

55
Q

C fibers

A

Unmyelinated and conduct dull, poorly localized pain

56
Q

Dihydroergotamine mesylate

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Ergot alkaloids

Also avail as nasal spray; preg category X, may be used in combination with low-dose heparin to prevent postop DVT

57
Q

Ergotamine tartrate (Ergostat)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Ergot alkaloids

Also avail. In sublingual, inhalant, or rectally; may cause physical dependence; pregnancy category X

58
Q

Almotriptan (Axert)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

May cause heart palpitations and rapid heartbeat

59
Q

Eletriptan (Relpax)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

May cause hypotension in elderly pts

60
Q

Frovatriptan (Frova)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

May cause chest pains and heart palpitations

61
Q

Naratriptan (Amerge)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

Serotonin stimulator

62
Q

Rizatriptan (Maxalt)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

May cause MI

63
Q

Sumatriptan (Imitrex)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

Serotonin stimulator; subcutaneous and intranasal forms avail.

64
Q

Zolmitriptan (Zomig)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for terminating migraines
Triptans

Serotonin stimulator

65
Q

Topiramate (Topamax)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Antiseizure Drugs

Sugar-like chemical molecule; enhances the action of GABA; also for partial seizures

66
Q

Valproic acid (Depakene)

A

Antimigraine drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Antiseizure Drugs

Also for absence seizures and mixed generalized types of seizures and mania

67
Q

Atenolol (Tenormin)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

Also used for hypertension and angina

68
Q

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

Also for angina and MI; sustained-release and IV forms avail.

69
Q

Proranolol (Inderal,InnoPran XL)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

70
Q

Timolol (Blocadren)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

Also for hypertension, angina, and glaucoma

71
Q

Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Calcium Channel Blockers

Selective for calcium channels in blood vessels; decreases peripheral vascular resistance and increases cardiac output; also for hypertension and angina; sustained-release form avail.

72
Q

Nimodipine (Nimotop)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Calcium Channel Blockers

Offlabeled use for migraines; primary use is for improvement of neurologic symptoms following a stroke

73
Q

Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, others)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Calcium Channel Blockers

74
Q

Amitriptyline hydrochloride (Elavil)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Tricyclic Antidepressants

75
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Tricyclic Antidepressants

May cause cardiac dysfunction and abnormal blood cell count; also for alcohol or cocaine dependence; may control bedwetting in children; avail IM

76
Q

Protriptyline (Vivactil)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Tricyclic Antidepressants

For symptoms of depression; few sedative qualities; causes increased heart rate

77
Q

Methysergide (Sansert)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Misc. drugs

Similar to ergotamine

78
Q

Riboflavin (vitamin b2)

A

Antimigraine Drugs
Drugs for preventing migraines
Misc. drugs

Deficiency caused by chronic diarrhea, liver disease, alcoholism, or inadequate consumption of milk or animal products

Pharm Chapter 14 (1 decks)

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