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Pharm chapter 10 > Drugs For Emotional And Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Drugs For Emotional And Mood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For biological depression; inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine-2 receptors in the body

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2
Q

Amoxapine (Asendin)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For situational and biological depression; not associated with cardiotoxicity; mild sedative

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3
Q

Clomipramine (Anafranil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanying obsessive compulsive disorder

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4
Q

Desipramine (Norpramin)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

Active metabolite of imipramine

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5
Q

Doxepin (Sinequan)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanying anxiety or alcohol dependence

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6
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For biological depression or alcohol or cocaine dependence; may cause cardiac dysfunction and abnormal blood cell count; available IM; may control bedwetting in children

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7
Q

Maprotiline (Ludiomil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For a broad range of depression from mild to severe

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8
Q

Nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

for biological depression; interactions similar to imipramine

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9
Q

Protriptyline (Vivactil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For symptoms of depression; few sedative qualities; causes increased heart rate

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10
Q

Trimipramine (Surmontil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanied by a sleep disorder (has strong sedative effects)

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11
Q

Citalopram (Celexa)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

Does not mimic the sympathetic response; has no acetylcholine blocking properties; does not inhibit MAOIs

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12
Q

Escitalopram oxalate (Lexapro)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for generalized anxiety disorder; does not inhibit MAOIs

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13
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive compulsive disorder and eating disorders.

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14
Q

Fluvoxamine (Luvox)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive-compulsive disorder; no severe adverse cardiovascular effects; fewer acetylcholine blocking effects

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15
Q

Paroxetine (Paxil)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic attacks

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16
Q

Sertraline (Zoloft)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

Does not mimic sympathetic response; has no acetylcholine blocking properties; does not inhibit MAOIs

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17
Q

Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

For major depression; active metabolite of venlafaxine; available in once-daily extended release form

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18
Q

Dysthmic disorder

A

Characterized by less severe depressive symptoms that may prevent a person from feeling well or functioning normally

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19
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

Must show at least 5 of the following symptoms

  • Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
  • extreme fatigue; lack of energy
  • abnormal eating patterns (eating too much or not enough)
  • vague physical symptoms (GI pain, joint/muscle pain, or headaches
  • inability to concentrate or make decisions
  • feelings if despair, lack of self worth, guiltiness, and misery)
  • obsession with death (wish to die or commit suicide)
  • avoidance of psychosocial and interpersonal interactions)
  • lack of interest in personal appearance or sex
  • delusions or hallucinations
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20
Q

Mood disorder

A

When changes in life become severe and impair functioning with family, work and relationships. Two major categories are: depression and bipolar

21
Q

Antidepressants

A

Medications that combat depression by enhancing mood.

22
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

A

Act by inhibiting the reuptake of both norepinephrine and serotonin into presynaptic nerve terminals. Used for major depressive disorder and milder situational depression. Adverse effect; orthostatic hypotension, sedation at the beginning but pts adjust. Long half life. Anticholinergic effects; dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, tachycardia.

23
Q

Duloxetine (cymbalta)

A

Serotonin- Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

Major depression, GAD, neuropathic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, stress urinary incontinence, and fibromyalgia

24
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

A

Serotonin- Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

Major depression, situational depression, GAD, neuropathic pain, and migraines

25
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant May cause peripheral edema and high blood pressure; used in cases in which other approaches for treatment of depression are not successful.
26
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant May cause a hypertensive crisis or respiratory depression; use cautiously in pts with epilepsy or diabetes, or who are likely to abuse drugs or alcohol
27
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant Severe depression in cases which pts have not responded to other medications
28
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Atypical Antidepressants For changing moods, schizoaffective disorders, and to quit smoking; increased risk for seizures; weaker blocker of serotonin and norepinephrine uptake
29
Mirtazapine (Remeron)
Atypical Antidepressants Potent blocker of 5-hT2 and 5-hT3 receptor subtypes; blocks presynaptic alpha2 receptors, enhancing norepinephrine release; use caution in which pts have kidney or liver dysfunction.
30
Nefazodone
Atypical Antidepressants Minimal cardiovascular effects; fewer effects in blocking acetylcholine; less sedation; less sexual dysfunction compared to other antidepressants
31
Trazodone (Desyrel)
Atypical Antidepressants Increases total sleep time; reduces night awakenings; has anxiolytic effects
32
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Drugs that slow the reuptake of serotonin into presynaptic nerve terminals. Major advantage is greater safety.
33
Serotonin syndrome (SES)
Adverse event that may occur when a pt is taking an SSRI and an additional rx that affects the metabolism, synthesis, or reuptake of serotonin
34
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
Inhibit both the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine with minimal effects on other neurotransmitters or their receptor subtypes.
35
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
Limit the breakdown of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in the CNS. Adverse effects; orthostatic hypotension, headache, insomnia, and diarrhea.
36
Bipolar disorder
Characterized by extreme and opposite moods. Pts. May display signs of euphoria and depression or feelings of excitement and calm.
37
Mania
Symptoms: - insomnia - activity for days without rest and without appearing tired - easy agitation and aggression - feelings of exaggerated confidence - making choices w/o regard for a long-term plan or consequences of action - attention seeking - unusual interest in sex - drug abuse, incl. alcohol, cocaine, or sleeping medications - denial that behavior is a problem Pts with bipolar often display these signs. Symptoms are opposite of depressive symptoms
38
Mood stabilizers
Ability to moderate extreme emotions between mania and depression. Lithium, antiseizure and atypical antipsychotic drugs are used for mood stabilization for bipolar pts
39
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Characterized by developmentally inappropriate behaviors involving difficulty in paying attention or focusing on tasks.
40
D- and I- amphetamine racemic mixture (adderall)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants May be used for daytime sleep disorder (narcolepsy); high potential for abuse; also called amphetamine sulfate
41
Dextroamphetamine mixture (Adderall XR)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Potent appetite suppressant; short term treatment of ADHD; safety in children less than 3 yrs old has not been established
42
Methamphetamine (Desoxyn)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Abuse potential high in adults
43
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Most widely used drug for pts with ADHD; more dramatic effect on attention deficit than for hyperactivity
44
Benzphetamine (Didrex)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Drug for pts with ADHD
45
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin XR)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Drug for pts with ADHD
46
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants Drugs for pts with ADHD
47
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Nonstimulants Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine; safety and efficacy in children less than 6 yes old has not been established
48
Clonidine (Catapres)
Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Nonstimulants Sometimes prescribed when pts are extremely aggressive; active, or have difficulty sleeping; stimulates alpha2 receptors in the brain; available in transdermal patch

Pharm chapter 10 (1 decks)

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