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Pharm chapter 10 > Drugs For Emotional And Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Drugs For Emotional And Mood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For biological depression; inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine-2 receptors in the body

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2
Q

Amoxapine (Asendin)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For situational and biological depression; not associated with cardiotoxicity; mild sedative

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3
Q

Clomipramine (Anafranil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanying obsessive compulsive disorder

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4
Q

Desipramine (Norpramin)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

Active metabolite of imipramine

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5
Q

Doxepin (Sinequan)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanying anxiety or alcohol dependence

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6
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For biological depression or alcohol or cocaine dependence; may cause cardiac dysfunction and abnormal blood cell count; available IM; may control bedwetting in children

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7
Q

Maprotiline (Ludiomil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For a broad range of depression from mild to severe

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8
Q

Nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

for biological depression; interactions similar to imipramine

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9
Q

Protriptyline (Vivactil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For symptoms of depression; few sedative qualities; causes increased heart rate

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10
Q

Trimipramine (Surmontil)

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

For depression accompanied by a sleep disorder (has strong sedative effects)

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11
Q

Citalopram (Celexa)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

Does not mimic the sympathetic response; has no acetylcholine blocking properties; does not inhibit MAOIs

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12
Q

Escitalopram oxalate (Lexapro)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for generalized anxiety disorder; does not inhibit MAOIs

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13
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive compulsive disorder and eating disorders.

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14
Q

Fluvoxamine (Luvox)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive-compulsive disorder; no severe adverse cardiovascular effects; fewer acetylcholine blocking effects

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15
Q

Paroxetine (Paxil)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

May be used for obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic attacks

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16
Q

Sertraline (Zoloft)

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Antidepressant

Does not mimic sympathetic response; has no acetylcholine blocking properties; does not inhibit MAOIs

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17
Q

Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

For major depression; active metabolite of venlafaxine; available in once-daily extended release form

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18
Q

Dysthmic disorder

A

Characterized by less severe depressive symptoms that may prevent a person from feeling well or functioning normally

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19
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

Must show at least 5 of the following symptoms

  • Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
  • extreme fatigue; lack of energy
  • abnormal eating patterns (eating too much or not enough)
  • vague physical symptoms (GI pain, joint/muscle pain, or headaches
  • inability to concentrate or make decisions
  • feelings if despair, lack of self worth, guiltiness, and misery)
  • obsession with death (wish to die or commit suicide)
  • avoidance of psychosocial and interpersonal interactions)
  • lack of interest in personal appearance or sex
  • delusions or hallucinations
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20
Q

Mood disorder

A

When changes in life become severe and impair functioning with family, work and relationships. Two major categories are: depression and bipolar

21
Q

Antidepressants

A

Medications that combat depression by enhancing mood.

22
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

A

Act by inhibiting the reuptake of both norepinephrine and serotonin into presynaptic nerve terminals. Used for major depressive disorder and milder situational depression. Adverse effect; orthostatic hypotension, sedation at the beginning but pts adjust. Long half life. Anticholinergic effects; dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, tachycardia.

23
Q

Duloxetine (cymbalta)

A

Serotonin- Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

Major depression, GAD, neuropathic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, stress urinary incontinence, and fibromyalgia

24
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

A

Serotonin- Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) Antidepressant

Major depression, situational depression, GAD, neuropathic pain, and migraines

25
Q

Isocarboxazid (Marplan)

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant

May cause peripheral edema and high blood pressure; used in cases in which other approaches for treatment of depression are not successful.

26
Q

Phenelzine (Nardil)

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant

May cause a hypertensive crisis or respiratory depression; use cautiously in pts with epilepsy or diabetes, or who are likely to abuse drugs or alcohol

27
Q

Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant

Severe depression in cases which pts have not responded to other medications

28
Q

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

A

Atypical Antidepressants

For changing moods, schizoaffective disorders, and to quit smoking; increased risk for seizures; weaker blocker of serotonin and norepinephrine uptake

29
Q

Mirtazapine (Remeron)

A

Atypical Antidepressants

Potent blocker of 5-hT2 and 5-hT3 receptor subtypes; blocks presynaptic alpha2 receptors, enhancing norepinephrine release; use caution in which pts have kidney or liver dysfunction.

30
Q

Nefazodone

A

Atypical Antidepressants

Minimal cardiovascular effects; fewer effects in blocking acetylcholine; less sedation; less sexual dysfunction compared to other antidepressants

31
Q

Trazodone (Desyrel)

A

Atypical Antidepressants

Increases total sleep time; reduces night awakenings; has anxiolytic effects

32
Q

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

A

Drugs that slow the reuptake of serotonin into presynaptic nerve terminals. Major advantage is greater safety.

33
Q

Serotonin syndrome (SES)

A

Adverse event that may occur when a pt is taking an SSRI and an additional rx that affects the metabolism, synthesis, or reuptake of serotonin

34
Q

Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors

A

Inhibit both the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine with minimal effects on other neurotransmitters or their receptor subtypes.

35
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

A

Limit the breakdown of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in the CNS. Adverse effects; orthostatic hypotension, headache, insomnia, and diarrhea.

36
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Characterized by extreme and opposite moods. Pts. May display signs of euphoria and depression or feelings of excitement and calm.

37
Q

Mania

A

Symptoms:

  • insomnia
  • activity for days without rest and without appearing tired
  • easy agitation and aggression
  • feelings of exaggerated confidence
  • making choices w/o regard for a long-term plan or consequences of action
  • attention seeking
  • unusual interest in sex
  • drug abuse, incl. alcohol, cocaine, or sleeping medications
  • denial that behavior is a problem

Pts with bipolar often display these signs. Symptoms are opposite of depressive symptoms

38
Q

Mood stabilizers

A

Ability to moderate extreme emotions between mania and depression. Lithium, antiseizure and atypical antipsychotic drugs are used for mood stabilization for bipolar pts

39
Q

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

Characterized by developmentally inappropriate behaviors involving difficulty in paying attention or focusing on tasks.

40
Q

D- and I- amphetamine racemic mixture (adderall)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

May be used for daytime sleep disorder (narcolepsy); high potential for abuse; also called amphetamine sulfate

41
Q

Dextroamphetamine mixture (Adderall XR)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Potent appetite suppressant; short term treatment of ADHD; safety in children less than 3 yrs old has not been established

42
Q

Methamphetamine (Desoxyn)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Abuse potential high in adults

43
Q

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Most widely used drug for pts with ADHD; more dramatic effect on attention deficit than for hyperactivity

44
Q

Benzphetamine (Didrex)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Drug for pts with ADHD

45
Q

Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin XR)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Drug for pts with ADHD

46
Q

Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) CNS stimulants

Drugs for pts with ADHD

47
Q

Atomoxetine (Strattera)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Nonstimulants

Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine; safety and efficacy in children less than 6 yes old has not been established

48
Q

Clonidine (Catapres)

A

Drugs for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Nonstimulants

Sometimes prescribed when pts are extremely aggressive; active, or have difficulty sleeping; stimulates alpha2 receptors in the brain; available in transdermal patch

Pharm chapter 10 (1 decks)

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