Drugs for CHF

Question 1

Tx for low preload

Answer 1

crystalloids, blood

Question 2

Tx for slow HR

Answer 2

atropine, isoproterenol, pacemaker

Question 3

Tx for fast HR

Answer 3

cardioversion, antiarrhythmics

Question 4

Tx for diminished inotropy

Answer 4

Epi, dopamine, dobutamine, calcium, glucagon, digoxin

Question 5

Tx for excessive vasoconstriction

Answer 5

Lisinopril, hydralazine, prazosin, carvedilol, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside

Question 6

Tx for excessive/abnormal contractility

Answer 6

metoprolol, verapamil

Question 7

Loop diuretics

Answer 7

furosemide, bumetamide

very powerful, act on loop of Henle, available po or iv

Question 8

Thiazide diuretics

Answer 8

HCTZ

act on distal convoluted tubule, po only, lower maximum efficacy

Question 9

Aldosterone antagonists

Answer 9

spironolactone

not very strong, po only, can cause K retention

blocks aldosterone mediated remodeling of cardiac tissue

Question 10

Blocking cardiac remodeling in CHF

Answer 10

spironolactone blocks aldosterone effects

carvedilol or slow-release metoprolol block myocardial beta-1 receptors

ACE inhibitors block ATII production

Has been shown to reduce hospitalizations, cardiac deaths, longer survival per poor prognosis