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Pharmacology Chapter 9 > Drugs For Anxiety And Insomnia > Flashcards

Drugs For Anxiety And Insomnia Flashcards

1
Q

Anxiety

A

State of apprehension, tension, or uneasiness

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2
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

Difficult to control, lasting 6 months or more. Most common stress disorder.

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3
Q

Panic disorder

A

Characterized by feelings of immediate, apprehension,fearfulness, terror, or impending doom. Panic attacks last less then 10 min.

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4
Q

Phobias

A

Fearful feelings attached to specific objects or situations.

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5
Q

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

Develops in response to re-experiencing a previous traumatic event. Combat experience, physical or sexual abuse, etc.

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6
Q

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

Recurrent, disturbing thoughts or repetitive behaviors that interfere with a person’s normal activities or relationships.

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7
Q

Limbic system

A

Area of brain responsible for emotional expression, learning, and memory. Signals through limbic system connect with hypothalamus.

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8
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Important center triggering unconscious responses to extreme stress; increased B/P, elevated breathing rate, and dilated pupils.

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9
Q

Reticular formation

A

Network of neurons found along entire length of brainstem; causes increased alertness and arousal; inhibition causes drowsiness and sleep.

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10
Q

Reticular activating system (RAS)

A

Controls sleeping and wakefulness and performs an alerting function for the cerebral cortex.

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11
Q

Anxiolytics

A

Drugs having the ability to relieve anxiety.

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12
Q

Rebound insomnia

A

When a sedative drug is stopped abruptly or when it has been taken for a long time and drug dependence occurs.

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13
Q

Antidepressants

A

Enhance mood by 2 neurotransmitters; norepinephrine and serotonin. By restoring balance drugs can reduce symptoms associated with depression, panic, OCD, and phobia.

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14
Q

CNS depressants

A

Slow neuronal activity in the brain; drugs range from those that relax, those that sedate, to sleep and anesthesia. Coma and death are the end stages of CNS depression.

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15
Q

Sedatives

A

Drugs that depress the CNS, ability to sedate. And relax a pt.

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16
Q

Sedative-hypnotic

A

Drug with ability to produce a calming effect at lower doses and sleep at higher doses.

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17
Q

Drugs used for anxiety and sleep disorders

A

Benzodiazepines and barbiturates

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18
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)
Clinical use: depression

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19
Q

Clomipramine (Anafranil)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

OCD, depression

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20
Q

Desipramine (Norpramin, pertofrane, and others)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

Depression

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21
Q

Doxepin (sinequan or adapin)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

Depression

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22
Q

Imipramine (tofranil)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

Depression, GAD

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23
Q

Nortriptyline (aventyl or pamelor)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

Depression

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24
Q

Trimipramine (surmontil)

A

(TCA tricyclic antidepressant,antidepressant for anxiety disorder)

Depression

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25
Phenelzine (nardil)
(Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOI antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Social anxiety, depression
26
Tranlcypromine (parnate)
(Monoamine oxidase inhibitor MAOI antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression
27
Citaloram (celexa)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression
28
Escitalopram oxalate (Lexapro)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, GAD, social anxiety
29
Fluoxetine (prozac)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, social anxiety, OCD
30
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, social anxiety, OCD
31
Paroxetine (paxil)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, GAD, social anxiety, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD
32
Sertraline (Zoloft)
(SSRI Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, social anxiety, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD
33
Desvenlafaxine (pristiq)
(SNRI serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression
34
Duloxetine (cymbalta)
(SNRI serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, GAD, neuropathic pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, stress urinary continence, fibromyalgia
35
Venlafaxine (effexor)
(SNRI serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, social anxiety, GAD, neuropathic pain, migraines
36
Trazodone
(Atypical antidepressant; antidepressant for anxiety disorder) Depression, GAD
37
Benzodiazepines
Used for panic disorder, generalized anxiety, phobias, and insomnia. One of the most widely prescribed drug classes
38
Alprozolam (xanax)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) GAD, phobias, social anxiety
39
Clonazepam (klonopin)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Phobias, social anxiety, seizures
40
Chlordiazepoxide (librium)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Phobias, alcohol withdrawal
41
Clorazepate (tranxene)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Alcohol withdrawals, seizures
42
Diazepam (valium)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Alcohol withdrawal, seizures, muscle spasms, induction of anesthesia
43
Lorazepam (ativan)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Panic disorder, phobias, alcohol withdrawal, seizures, induction of anesthesia
44
Oxazepam (serax)
(Benzodiazepine for anxiety) Phobias, alcohol withdrawal
45
Estazolam (ProSom)
(Benzodiazepines for insomnia) Insomnia: 15-60 min onset and medium duration
46
Flurazepam (dalmane)
(Benzodiazepines for insomnia) Insomnia: 30-60 min onset and long duration.
47
Quazepam (doral)
(Benzodiazepines for insomnia) Insomnia: 20-45 min onset and long duration
48
Temazepam (restoril)
(Benzodiazepines for insomnia) Insomnia: 45-60 min onset and medium duration
49
Triazolam (halcion)
(Benzodiazepines for insomnia) Insomnia: 15-30 min onset and short duration
50
Barbiturates
Drugs derived from barbituric acid, powerful CNS depressants used for their sedative, hypnotic, and anti seizure effects. Withdrawal syndrome is extremely severe and can be fatal. Overdose can lead to profound respiratory depression, hypotension, and shock. People have used barbiturates to commit suicide and death to overdose is not uncommon.
51
Pentobarbital sodium (nembutal)
short acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
52
Secobarbital (seconal)
short acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
53
Amobarbital (amytal)
Intermediate acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
54
Aprobarbital (alurate)
Intermediate acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
55
Butabarbital sodium (butisol)
Intermediate acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
56
Mephobarbitol (mebaral)
Long acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
57
Phenobarbital (luminal)
Long acting barbiturate for sedation and insomnia
58
Buspirone (buSpar)
Nonbenzodiazepine, nonbarbiturate CNS agents for anxiety GAD, OCD
59
Valproate (depakote)
Nonbenzodiazepine, nonbarbiturate CNS agents for anxiety Antiseizure rx Panic disorder, seizures, smoking, bipolar disorder, prevention of migraines
60
Atenolol (tenormin)
Nonbenzodiazepine, nonbarbiturate CNS agents for anxiety Beta blocker Performance anxiety, social anxiety
61
Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran XL)
Nonbenzodiazepine, nonbarbiturate CNS agents for anxiety Beta blocker Performance anxiety, social anxiety
62
Escopiclone (lunesta)
Nonbenzodiazepine, CNS agents Insomnia
63
Zaleplon (sonata)
Nonbenzodiazepine, CNS agents Insomnia
64
Zolpidem (ambien), zolpidem CR (ambien CR)
Nonbenzodiazepine, CNS agent Insomnia
65
Ramelteon (rozerem)
Melatonin receptor agent Insomnia
66
Diphenhydramine (nytol and sominex)
Antihistamines OTC RX Insomnia
67
Doxylamine (unisom)
Antihistamine OTC RX Insomnia

Pharmacology Chapter 9 (1 decks)

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