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Cardiology > drugs csv > Flashcards

drugs csv Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic- HF, pulmonary edema, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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2
Q

Bumetanide

A

loop diuretic: used for HF, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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3
Q

Torsemide

A

loop diuretic: used for HF, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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4
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic:- HTN, side effects increase glucose, Calcium, lipids. NOT EFFECTIVE IN RENAL DYSFUNCTION

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5
Q

Spironolactone

A

K+ sparing diuretic (Aldosterone inhibitors)- used in HF, side effects: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

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6
Q

Eplerenone

A

K+ sparing diuretic (Aldosterone inhibitors)- used in HF, side effects: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

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7
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac Glycoside (inotrope/vasopressor)-used in HF (low EF), side effects: sympathoinhibition

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8
Q

Dopamine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- HF+HTN, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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9
Q

Dobutamine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)-HF, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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10
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)-Bradycardia, heart block, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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11
Q

Epinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- Cardiac arrest, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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12
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- HF, peripheral vasodilation, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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13
Q

Milrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor (inotrope/vasopressor)-HF refractory, side effects: vasodilation, arrhythmias, RENAL FAILURE

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14
Q

Vasopressin

A

Anti-diuretic hormone (inotrope/vasopressor)- Vasodilatory shock, side effect (drop in sodium)

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15
Q

Captopril (quick acting)

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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16
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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17
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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18
Q

Ramipril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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19
Q

Trandolapril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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20
Q

Candesartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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21
Q

Valsartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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22
Q

Losartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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23
Q

Hydralazine

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA. , side effects: drug induced lupus, reflex tach, hypotension, headache

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24
Q

Minoxidil

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- severe HTN, side effects: reflex tachycardia, hair growth

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25
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A&V -HTN EMERGENCY, side effects: BAD. Renal, eyes/ears

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26
Q

Fenoldopam

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- severe HTN,

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27
Q

Verapamil

A

Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators)- decrease contractility, AV>SA node- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA, side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, EDEMA, CONSTIPATION, ok in renal.

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28
Q

Diltiazem

A

Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators)- decrease contractility, AV>SA node- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA, side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, EDEMA, CONSTIPATION, ok in renal.

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29
Q

Nefedipine

A

Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD,

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30
Q

Amlodipine

A

Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD, side effect: peripheral edema

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31
Q

Felodipine

A

Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD,

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32
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Organic nitrates (vasodilators) V dilation only- Ischemic HD, CHF (+hydralazine),

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33
Q

Nesiritide

A

Organic nitrates (vasodilators) A&V dilation- refractory HF,

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34
Q

Sildenafil

A

Organic nitrates (vasodilators) pulmonary dilation -viagra,

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35
Q

Clonidine

A

CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal

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36
Q

a-Methyldopa

A

CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal

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37
Q

Guanabenz

A

CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal

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38
Q

Prazosin

A

alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension

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39
Q

Terazosin

A

alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension

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40
Q

Doxazosin

A

alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension

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41
Q

Phentolamine

A

alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)-pheochromocytoma,

42
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)-pheochromocytoma,

43
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit

44
Q

Carvedilol

A

Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit

45
Q

Esmolol

A

Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit

46
Q

Labetalol

A

Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit

47
Q

Disopyramide

A

IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT

48
Q

Quinidine

A

IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT

49
Q

Procainamide

A

IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT

50
Q

Lidocaine

A

IB- Mild Na Channel blockers - Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: short QT, neuro, note: use dependance

51
Q

Mexiletine

A

IB- Mild Na Channel blockers - Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: short QT, neuro, note: use dependance

52
Q

Propafenone

A

IC- Marked Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: pro-arrythmic (v. tachycardia) paresthesias, diplopia

53
Q

Flecainide

A

IC- Marked Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: pro-arrythmic (v. tachycardia) paresthesias, diplopia

54
Q

Metaprolol

A

II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm

55
Q

Propanolol

A

II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm

56
Q

Esmolol

A

II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm

57
Q

Amiodarone

A

III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: EVERYTHING. Thyroid, skin, liver, lungs etc.

58
Q

Sotalol

A

III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: Long QT, torsades, reverse use dependence

59
Q

Dofetilide

A

III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: Long QT, torsades, reverse use dependence

60
Q

Dronedarone

A

III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: like amiodarone with fewer side effects, increases mortality

61
Q

Diltiazem

A

IV: Ca channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: rate control, use dependence, bradycardia, CHF, fatigue

62
Q

Verapamil

A

IV: Ca channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: rate control, use dependence, bradycardia, CHF, fatigue

63
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac Glycosides- Antiarrythmic drugs-, side effects: AV block, bradycardia.

64
Q

Adenosine

A

Endogenous Nucleoside- Antiarrythmic drugs, used for re-entrant SVT, side effects: low HR, AV block, asystole, A. fib. Bronchospasm

65
Q

Atropine

A

Anticholinergic- Antiarrythmic: used for symptomatic sinus bradycardia, AV block, side effects: tachycardia, urinary retention

66
Q

Aspirin

A

Platelet Inhibitors (arterial)- use this before NSAIDs,

67
Q

Clopidogrel

A

ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,

68
Q

Ticlopidine

A

ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,

69
Q

Prasugrel

A

ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,

70
Q

Abciximab

A

GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,

71
Q

Eptifibatide

A

GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,

72
Q

Tirofiban

A

GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,

73
Q

Unfractionated Heparin

A

Inactivates clotting cascade: Anticoagulants-cheap, reversible, requires continuous monitoring (injection),

74
Q

LMWH Enoxaparin

A

Inactivates clotting cascade: Anticoagulants- no monitoring, expensive, also injection,

75
Q

Warfarin

A

Anticoagulant drugs- vit K carboxylase- delayed onset, requires periodically checking the INF, vit K=antidote,

76
Q

Fondaparinux

A

factor Xa Inhibitors (anticoagulant) -IV,

77
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

factor Xa Inhibitors (anticoagulant) -Oral,

78
Q

Lepirudin

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,

79
Q

Bivalirudin

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,

80
Q

Argatroban

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,

81
Q

Dabigatran

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- oral, no DDI or monitoring, GI,

82
Q

Streptokinase

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

83
Q

Urokinase

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

84
Q

tPA

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

85
Q

Alteplase

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

86
Q

Reteplase

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

87
Q

Tenecteplase

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,

88
Q

Lovastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

89
Q

Simvastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

90
Q

Pravastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

91
Q

Fluvastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

92
Q

Atorvastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

93
Q

Rosuvastatin

A

Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis

94
Q

Cholestyramine

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM

95
Q

Colestipol

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM

96
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM

97
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor- Lipid regulating drugs-lower LDL, note: specific to cholesterol. diet important

98
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Fibrates- Lipid regulating drugs:-lower TG, increase HDL, side effects: GI, gallstones, high LDL, low libido

99
Q

Fenofibrate

A

Fibrates- Lipid regulating drugs:-lower TG, increase HDL, side effects: GI, gallstones, high LDL, low libido

100
Q

Niacin

A

Lipid regulating drugs: increases HDL, decreases TG, side effects: flushing, GI, hepatitis, gout, DM

Cardiology (10 decks)

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