Drugs against Roundworm, Strongyloides and Scabies

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of albendazole?

Answer 1

Albendazole inhibits the microtubule functions of parasites by inhibiting the polymerization of β-tubulin into microtubules, disrupting glucose uptake and transport, leading to the death of helminths.

Question 2

How is albendazole administered?

Answer 2

Oral (bioavailability increased with fatty food)

Question 3

Clinical indication for albendazole

Answer 3

Against helminthic infestations due to roundworm infections

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action of ivermectin?

Answer 4

Ivermectin binds to glutamate-activated Cl− channels in the nerve or muscle cells, causing hyperpolarization by increasing intracellular chloride concentration, resulting in paralysis

Question 5

Is ivermectin safe for use in pregnancy?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

How is ivermectin administered?

Answer 6

Oral (empty stomach)

Question 7

Clinical indication for Ivermectin

Answer 7

Ivermectin is indicated for strongyloidiasis and scabies.

Question 8

What is the mechanism of action of permethrin?

Answer 8

Permethrin impairs the function of voltage-gated sodium channels in mites, leading to disruption of neurotransmission and paralysis.

Question 9

How is permethrin administered?

Answer 9

Permethrin cream is applied neck down for 8-12 hours then washed off, typically repeated in 1 or 2 weeks.

Question 10

Clinical indication for permethrin usage

Answer 10

Scabies