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ACCS > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

nitroglycerin

A

decreases PVR, BP, PAP, relaxes cardiac SMOOTH muscles

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2
Q

propanolol

A

lowers heart rate, beta 1 blocker, effective in patients with sustained tachycardia

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3
Q

lidocaine

A

vasodilator, decreases HR, treats PVCS

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4
Q

digitalis

A

treats CHF, right heart failure, think decreased CVP

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5
Q

what cardiac drug can cause hyperkalemia

A

digitalis

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6
Q

labetatol

A

decreases BP/HR, beta blocker

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7
Q

epinephrine

A

cardiac arrest, asystole, increases HR

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8
Q

atropine

A

treats bradycardia

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9
Q

what can be used to reverse anticholineric MG crisis

A

atropine

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10
Q

adenosine

A

treats SVT

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11
Q

iNO

A

improves oxygenation, acts as a PA vasodilator

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12
Q

sildenafil is also known as

A

revatio or Viagra (not used in ICU setting)

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13
Q

flolan (epoprostenol sodium) indications

A

ARDS, refractory hypoxemia, CS pulmonary hypertension (choose flolan not ino)

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14
Q

what is flolan also called

A

Pg12 or prostacyclin

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15
Q

what routes can flolan be given

A

IV or aerosolized

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16
Q

when to consider a pulmonary vasodilator

A

low CVP, anuria (esp on vent pts) falling hemodynamics

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17
Q

dexmedetomidine brand name

A

presedex

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18
Q

presedex

A

short acting, good sedative

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19
Q

what is side effect of presedex

A

hypertension/hypotension, a-fib

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20
Q

propofol (diprivan)

A

induction agent in RSI, used widely on ACCS; lowers BP, has short half life, choose another if falling hemodynamics, good for sedation vacation

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21
Q

etomidate

A

alternative to propofol for sedation, does not effect hemodynamics

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22
Q

Nembutal aka

A

pentobarbital

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23
Q

what is pentobarbital

A

strong sedative, has multiple uses besides sedation. lowers ICP >26 another choice beside mannitol

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24
Q

anectine aka

A

succinylcholine

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25
Q

side effects of succinylcholine aka anectine

A

increases K, do not use on burn patients, do not use with mallampati score of >3, contraindicated in acute brain injuries

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26
Q

what are back door non depolarizing paralytic agents

A

rocuronium, cisatracurium, vecuronium, curare

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27
Q

what are the reversal agents for nondepolarizing paralytics

A

edrophoniu, pyridostigmine (anticholinesterase agents)

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28
Q

what other drug reverses roc/vec based on IBW

A

bridon aka sugammadex

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29
Q

what is the side effects of sugammadex

A

bradycardia, and not recommended in renal failure requiring dialysis

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30
Q

dobutamine

A

may treat left ventricular dysfunction, increase CO/HR. can also act as a systemic vasodilator

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31
Q

benzodiazepines reversal agent

A

flumazenil aka romazicon DO NOT INTUBATE UNLESS PT IS SHOWING SIGNS OF RESP DISTRESS

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32
Q

dopamine

A

increases HR,BP, watch for shocks

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33
Q

levophed

A

increases BP, choose if IVF and still hypotensive, in case dopamine fails choose levophed

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34
Q

vasopressin (EPI)

A

widely used with EPI during CPR, hypotensive state, may be used to stop hemoptysis during bronchs

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35
Q

vasopressors acts as a

A

antidiurectic in order to control body fluids

36
Q

what treasts gram positive organisms

A

pencillin, amoxicillin, ampicilin

37
Q

what do you choose when pt is gram positive resisten

A

oxacillin, nafacillin

38
Q

what does Bactrim treat

A

UTI/HIVPCP, upper resp infection

39
Q

what is not first line antibiotic for URI/sinusitis

A

bactrim

40
Q

levaquin (levofloxin) treats

A

wide range of pulmonary infections, look for signs of sepsis – increased WBC, febrile, CXR showing opacities

41
Q

what antibiotic is used for sepsis

A

maxcef (cefepime) used for increased WBC

42
Q

mycins include

A

tobi, gentamycin, vancomycin

43
Q

what do mycins treat

A

gram negative organisms

44
Q

pt with penicillin allergy with gram + can choose these back door antibiotics

A

Keflex, keflin, erythromycin, cephaloridine/cephalosporin

45
Q

valium aka

A

diazepam

46
Q

what does diazepam treat

A

alcohol withdrawal symptoms/anxiety, widely used in ICU vented pt

47
Q

versed aka

A

midazolam

48
Q

what is versed most common used for

A

to treat anxiety IV push/drip

49
Q

what is a side effect of benzos

A

seizures

50
Q

what reverses benzos side effects

A

romazicon aka flumazenil

51
Q

Plavix aka

A

clopidrogel

52
Q

is Plavix an anticoagulant

A

no

53
Q

what is Plavix aka clopidrogel used to prevent

A

CVAs and MIs

54
Q

what does Plavix aka clopidrogel used to inhibit

A

platelet aggregation

55
Q

what is the treatment of choice for a bedridden pt with sudden symptoms of chest pain (PE)

A

heparin or lovenox

56
Q

what is coumidin (warfarin) used for

A

use for maintenance s/p blood clots

57
Q

what does vitamin k have to do with a pt receiving lovenox or heparin

A

those drugs stop it from working as well, it blocks its clotting factor

58
Q

fentanyl aka

A

sublimaze

59
Q

what drug for pt with erratic VS, s/p MVA, spinal cord injury, and vent dyschrony

A

fentanyl

60
Q

what is dilaudid aka

A

hydromorphone VERY powerful narcotic

61
Q

what is demerol

A

pain medicine after someone has tried morphine, fentanyl, etc

62
Q

morphine is a

A

narcotic

63
Q

what is side effect of morphine

A

decrease RR, BP, hemodynamics

64
Q

which has less side effects inhaled or iv morphine

A

inhaled morphine

65
Q

what is prednisone used for

A

systemic antiinflammatory

66
Q

solu-medrol aka

A

methyl-prednisolone

67
Q

what is solu-medrol used for

A

glucoritcosteriod used in IV for pt with asthma, copd, other comorbid states

68
Q

how does mucomyst work

A

breaks disulfide bonds in pulmonary secretions

69
Q

what treats central sleep apnea

A

dopram

70
Q

what is the best drug for those in pulmonary edema

A

Lasix

71
Q

Lasix aka

A

furosemide

72
Q

what does Lasix lower

A

lowers potassium

73
Q

when should you not give lasix

A

when pt is third spacing

74
Q

aldactone is a

A

diuretic

75
Q

how does aldactone work

A

it causes excretion of sodium and potassium. it increase urine output but retains water in pt in hypotensive state

76
Q

what does mannitol do

A

used to decrease swelling or free cerebral fluid

77
Q

what is ketamine

A

anesthetic that may cause hypertension

78
Q

what is fluconazole

A

it is an antifungal for pulmonary fungal infections

79
Q

what is protonix

A

a proton pump inhibitor used for GI disturbances like EROSIVE GASTRITIS

80
Q

what is sodium bicarb for

A

used to treat DKA, indicated when Hco3 is low

81
Q

what is insulin used for

A

used to treat diabestes, if you see question with low bicarb and high glucose treat with insulin

82
Q

what is acetaminophen for

A

used to treat febrile illness and increased WOB with febrile illness

83
Q

what is Dilantin aka

A

phenytonin

84
Q

what is Dilantin aka phenytonin used for

A

used to treat seizures and tonic-clonic seizures

85
Q

what is methylene blue used for

A

treats methemoglobinemia (pts on ino, nitroglycerin, dapsone, benzocaine)

ACCS (1 decks)

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