Drugs Flashcards
Week 2
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Class
Anticoagulant-low molecular weight heparin/ heparin derivative.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Mechanism of Action
Deactivates thrombin. Also prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Indications
Used to inhibit clot formation in ACS including STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina. It is also used to prevent pulmonary embolism and DVT in patients predisposed to such problems.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to the medication, pork products, or heparin.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Adverse Reactions,
CNS System
CNS side effects include confusion and dizziness.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Dosage,
Adult, STEMI
Single IV bolus of 30 mg plus 1 mg/kg SQ dose followed by 1 mg/kg SQ every 12 hours (maximum 100 mg)
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Dosage,
Adult, NSTEMI, Unstable Angina
1 mg/kg SQ every 12 hours in conjunction with oral aspirin therapy (100-325 mg daily)
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Dosage,
Pediatric
1 mg/kg SQ
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Special Considerations
Do not use in patients with active major bleeding or thrombocytopenia. Use with caution in the elderly or any patient with increased risk of bleeding.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Onset
Onset 3-5 hours
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Peak Effect
Peak effects: 3-5 hours
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Duration
Duration: Varies
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Drug Interactions
Interacts with NSAIDs, warfarin, and anti-platelet agents.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Adverse Reactions,
Cardiovascular
edema, chest pain, and irregular heartbeat.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Adverse Reactions,
Injection Site
Irritation, pain, redness or bruising
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Other Adverse Reactions
angioedema, bleeding, hives, and, rash
Captopril (Capoten)
Class
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Captopril (Capoten)
Mechanism of action
Blocks the enzyme responsible for the production of angiotensin II, which causes an interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system thereby decreasing blood pressure.
Captopril (Capoten)
Indication
Hypertension, Congestive Heart Failure
Captopril (Capoten)
Contraindications
Previous episode(s) of angioedema related to prior ACE inhibitor treatment, known hypersensitivity;
Captopril (Capoten)
Adverse Reactions
Angioedema, chest pain, cough, dizziness, dyspnea fatigue, headache, hypotension, palpitations.
Captopril (Capoten)
Drug Interactions
Use with caution in patients on other anti-hypertensives.
Captopril (Capoten)
Dosage and Admin,
Adult
12.5-25 mg mg sublingually every 6 hours
Captopril (Capoten)
Dosage and Admin,
Pediatric
Not recommended in the prehospital setting
