Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction and Sexuality Extras > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

GnRH

A

Class: GnRH Agonist
MOA: Increases FSH and LH secretion from the Anterior Pituitary
Indications: Kallmann syndrome, female and male infertility, diagnosing LH responsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Leuprolide

A

Class: Synthetic GnRH analog
MOA: Continuous, non-pulsatile administration causes desensitization of the GnRH receptor on the Anterior pituitary to decrease FSH and LH release (or testosterone in men)
Indications: Prostate cancer, central progressing precocious puberty, breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

FSH, LH, CG

A

Class: Gonadotropins
MOA: Combinations of FSH, LH, and CG are used to increase sperm counts in men and for follicle maturation in women. FSH can be used alone but is more effective when used with LH or CG. LH and CG are ineffective alone
Indications: Male and female infertility due to pituitary insufficiency
* Causes pain from ovarian enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Class: SERM
MOA: ER partial agonist, antagonizes estrogen in the breast, agonizes estrogen effects in the uterus in post menopausal women
Indications: Breast cancer
* Increased endometrial cancer due to weak estrogen effects there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fulvestrant

A

Class: SERM
MOA: pure ER antagonist
Indications: Breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clomiphene

A

Class: SERM
MOA: ER partial agonist; inhibits estradiol binding to receptors in anterior pituitary and hypothalamus, causes less negative inhibition and more FHS and LH release from anterior pituitary. LH and FSH surges allows for ovulation to happen
Indications: amenorrheic and infertile women who wish to become pregnant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anastrazole

A

Class: aromatase inhibitor
MOA: inhibits estrogen synthesis by inhibiting aromatase; blocks the aromatization of testosterone –> 17B estradiol and Androstenedione –> estrone
Indications: Breast cancers that are resistant to Tamoxifen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Letrozole

A

Class: aromatase inhibitor
MOA: inhibits estrogen synthesis by inhibiting aromatase; blocks the aromatization of testosterone –> 17B estradiol and Androstenedione –> estrone
Indications: Breast cancers that are resistant to Tamoxifen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mifepristone

A

Class: Progesterone receptor antagonist
MOA: used with Misoprostol. “abortion pill” prevents progesterone from binding its receptor and does not allow maintenance of a pregnancy. Causes decreased endometrial development and secretions, decreased lactation, and decreased thermogenic effects
Indications: desired abortion of fetus < 49 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Combination synthetic estrogen and progesterone

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: Estrogen + Progestin combo - strong negative feedback. Decreased FSH and LH and prevention of LH, FSH surge. Prevents follicular development and prevents ovulation. Also thickens cervical mucous.
    Adverse Effects: VT, strokes and MI, breakthrough bleeding, weight gain, erythema nodosum
    Interfering Drugs: Rifampin, Anticonvulsants, Griseofulvin, HIV medications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Depo Provera - Medroxyprogesterone

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: Decreases gonadotropins. Suppresses ovulation and thickens cervical mucous
    Indications: Good for women who can’t take estrogen or forget to take pills, or have chronic medical problems
    Adverse Effects: Causes amenorrhea and spotting and weight gain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Vaginal Ring (Nuvaring)

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: Contains 15 mg of Ethinyl Estradiol and 120 mcg of etonogestrel (synthetic desogestrel). Insert ring into vagina and it stays for 3 weeks. Suppresses ovulation. Thickens cervical mucus. Prevents endometrial thickening.
    Adverse Effects: More vaginal discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Continuous Progestin “Minipill”

A
  • Changes cervical mucus
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: Increases cervical viscosity, endometrial thickness, and fallopian tube mobility, reducing sperm penetration. Does not inhibit the mid-cycle gonadotropin surge.
    Indications: use progestin only minipill when estrogen is contraindicated. Sickle-cell, CAD, SLE
    Adverse Effects: Progestin withdrawal causes bleeding (mimics physiologic response). Must be taken every day at the same time. Efficacy increased while breast feeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Seasonale/Seasonique

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: 3 month supply of combined estrogen and progestin followed by 7 placebo pills which allows menses.
    Indications: endometriosis or dysmenorrhea
    Effects: 4 periods per year
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lybrel

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: active pills for the entire year
    Indications: endometriosis or dysmenorrhea
    Effects: no real menses. Expect breakthrough bleeding.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Plan B - Levonorgestrel

A
  • Inhibits ovulation
    Class: contraceptives
    MOA: inhibits ovulation, disrupts follicular development, interferes with maturation of corpus luteum
    Indications: post sex emergency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Combination Estrogen and Progestin

A

Class: HRT
MOA: Replaces hormones that are decreasing in order to decrease symptoms
Indications: menopause - hot flashes and sweating. Long term - GU atrophy, osteoporosis, CVD
Adverse Effects: Must combine with progestin to reduce the probability of endometrial cancer

18
Q

Flutamide

A

Class: Androgen receptor antagonist
MOA: competitive inhibitors of AR and inhibits both testosterone and DHT binding
Indications: prostate cancer

19
Q

Bicalutamide

A

Class: Androgen receptor antagonist
MOA: competitive inhibitors of AR and inhibits both testosterone and DHT binding
Indications: prostate cancer

20
Q

Finasteride

A

Class: 5a-reductase inhibitor
MOA: inhibits 5a-reductase which normally converts testosterone to DHT
Indications: BPH and Male pattern baldness

21
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra)

A

Class: Erectile Dysfunction Drugs
MOA: Inhibit PDE5 and prolong erection time by maintaining smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation
Indications: Erectile dysfunction
* Major difference between 3 ED drugs is half life. Viagra lasts 1 hour
Adverse Effects: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, vision impairment
Contraindication: recent MI or stroke or hypotension

22
Q

Vardenafil (Levitra)

A

Class: Erectile Dysfunction Drugs
MOA: Inhibit PDE5 and prolong erection time by maintaining smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation
Indications: Erectile dysfunction
* Major difference between 3 ED drugs is half life. Levitra lasts 0.7-0.9 hours
Adverse Effects: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, vision impairment
Contraindication: recent MI or stroke or hypotension

23
Q

Tadalafil (Cialis)

A

Class: Erectile Dysfunction Drugs
MOA: Inhibit PDE5 and prolong erection time by maintaining smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation
Indications: Erectile dysfunction
* Major difference between 3 ED drugs is half life. Cialis lasts 2 hours
Adverse Effects: Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, rhinitis, vision impairment
Contraindication: recent MI or stroke or hypotension, hepatic or renal impairment

24
Q

Misoprostol

A

PGE1 analog
Causes uterine contractions
Used with Mifepristone for abortions

25
Q

Nexplanon

A

*Inhibits ovulation
Etonogestrel (progesterone only)
Implant in the arm
Side Effects: Heavy menses, amenorrhea, spotting

26
Q

Copper IUD

A

Emergency contraception or IUD
Cu2+ is toxic to sperm
Works for up to 10 years

27
Q

Ella (Ulipristal Acetate)

A

*Inhibits ovulation
Emergency Contraception
Progestin receptor blocker

28
Q

Yuzpe

A

*Inhibits ovulation
Emergency Contraception
Progestin + Estrogen

29
Q

Mirena

A

*Changes cervical mucus
Is levonorgestrel (progesterone)
Lasts for up to 5 years

30
Q

Skyla/Liletta

A

*Changes cervical mucus
Is levonorgestrel (progesterone)
Lasts for up to 3 years

31
Q

Paxil

A

Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Used to treat premature ejaculation

32
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Also known as Herceptin
Monoclonal antibody to HER2
Used to treat HER2+ breast cancer

33
Q

Guserelin

A

Class: Synthetic GnRH analog
MOA: Continuous, non-pulsatile administration causes desensitization of the GnRH receptor on the Anterior pituitary to decrease FSH and LH release (or testosterone in men)
Indications: Prostate cancer, central progressing precocious puberty, breast cancer

34
Q

Triptorelin

A

Class: Synthetic GnRH analog
MOA: Continuous, non-pulsatile administration causes desensitization of the GnRH receptor on the Anterior pituitary to decrease FSH and LH release (or testosterone in men)
Indications: Prostate cancer, central progressing precocious puberty, breast cancer

35
Q

Buserelin

A

Class: Synthetic GnRH analog
MOA: Continuous, non-pulsatile administration causes desensitization of the GnRH receptor on the Anterior pituitary to decrease FSH and LH release (or testosterone in men)
Indications: Prostate cancer, central progressing precocious puberty, breast cancer

36
Q

Degarelix

A

GnRH antagonist

37
Q

Abarelix

A

GnRH antagonist

38
Q

Cetorelix

A

GnRH antagonist

39
Q

Ganirelix

A

GnRH antagonist

40
Q

Reloxifene

A

Class: SERM
MOA: ER antagonist in the uterus and the breast, ER agonist in the bone. Protects against osteoporosis
Indications: Breast cancer

Reproduction and Sexuality Extras (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions