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BIOPSYCHOLOGY > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

A PSYCHOACTIVE DRUG IS?

A

A DRUG THAT AFFECTS THE BRAIN TO PRODUCE ALTERATIONS IN MOOD, THINKING, PERCEPTION, AND BEHAVIOUR

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2
Q

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS WORK BY?

A

ACTING ON THE BRAINS NEUROTRANSMITTERS

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3
Q

NOT ALL DRUGS ARE?

A

LEGAL

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4
Q

WHAT DO DEPRESSANTS DO?

A
  • SLOW DOWN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, AFFECTING CO-ORDINATION AND REACTION TIMES
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5
Q

WHAT ARE SOME TYPES OF DEPRESSANTS?

A
  • ALCOHOL
  • HEROIN
  • SOLVENTS
  • TRANQUILISERS
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6
Q

WHAT DO STIMULANTS DO?

A
  • INCREASE THE HEART RATE AND GIVE THE USER A SENSE OF INCREASED ALERTNESS AND ENERGY
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7
Q

WHAT ARE SOME TYPES OF STIMULANTS?

A
  • AMPHETAMINES
  • ECSTASY
  • TOBACCO
  • COCAINE
  • CAFFEINE
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8
Q

WHAT DO HALLUCINAGONS DO?

A
  • CHANGE THE WAY PEOPLE THINK, FEEL, AND PERCEIVE THEIR SURROUNDINGS
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9
Q

WHAT ARE SOME TYPES OF HALLUCINAGONS?

A
  • CANNABIS
  • LSD
  • MAGIC MUSHROOMS
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10
Q

WHAT IS AN AGONIST?

A
  • A DRUG THAT MIMICS OR FACILITATES THE EFFECT OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER
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11
Q

WHAT IS AN ANTAGONIST?

A
  • A DRUG THAT BLOCKS OR INHIBITS THE ACTION OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER
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12
Q

WHAT TWO WAYS MAY A DRUG ACT AT A SYNAPSE?

A
  • AGONIST

- ANTAGONIST

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13
Q

WHICH DRUGS ACTIVATE RECEPTORS?

A
  • MARIJUANA AND MORPHINE
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14
Q

WHICH DRUGS BLOCK RECEPTORS?

A
  • CAFFEINE
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15
Q

WHICH DRUGS EXCITE NEURONS TO PRODUCE MORE ACTION POTENTIALS?

A
  • ALCOHOL
  • HEROIN
  • NICOTINE
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16
Q

WHICH DRUGS INDUCE THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS FROM THE VESICLES?

A
  • AMPHETAMINES
17
Q

WHICH DRUGS BLOCK THE REUPTAKE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS?

A
  • COCAINE AND AMPHETAMINES
18
Q

WHAT IS THE SHORT NAME FOR ECSTASY?

A
  • MDMA
19
Q

WHAT IS THE LONG NAME FOR ECSTASY?

A
  • METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE
20
Q

ECSTASY IS A DERIVATIVE OF WHAT?

A
  • AMPHETAMINE
21
Q

WHAT AREAS OF THE BRAIN DOES ECSTASY AFFECT?

A
  • NEOCORTEX
  • HYPOTHALAMUS
  • BASAL GANGLIA
  • AMYGDALA
  • HIPPOCAMPUS
22
Q

WHAT ARE THE ACUTE AFFECTS OF ECSTASY?

A
  • HEIGHTENED PERCEPTIONS
  • STIMULATION
  • ELEVATED MOOD
  • REDUCED APPETITE
23
Q

WHAT DID BEDI, HYMAN, AND DE WIT (2010) DO?

A
  • GAVE PARTICIPANTS MDMA, METHAMPHETAMINE, AND PLACEBO UNDER DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMISED CONDITIONS OVER 4 SESSIONS
24
Q

WHAT IS ECSTASY OFTEN DESCRIBED AS?

A
  • INCREASING FEELINGS OF EMPATHY
25
Q

WHAT DID BEDI, HYMAN, AND DE WIT (2010) FIND IN RELATION TO THE DRUG MDMA?

A
  • THE DRUG INCREASED EMPATHOGENIC FEELINGS BUT REDUCED ACCURATE IDENTIFICATION OF THREAT-RELATED FACIAL EMOTIONAL SIGNAL IN OTHERS.
26
Q

NOT EVERY ECSTASY EXPERIENCE IS?

A
  • POSITIVE
27
Q

WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ECSTASY USERS REPORTED AT LEAST ONE REVERSE REACTION TO THE DRUG?

A
  • AROUND 25%
28
Q

WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ECSTASY?

A
  • CLOUDED THINKING
  • HYPERTHERMIA
  • DISTURBED BEHAVIOUR
  • JAW CLENCHING
29
Q

WHAT ARE THE LIFE-THREATENING EFFECTS OF ECSTACY?

A
  • HYPOTHERMIA
  • RENAL FAILURE
  • ARRHYTHMIAS
30
Q

WHAT DID USERS OF ECSTACY REPORT FEELING TWO DAYS AFTER USING THE DRUG?

A
  • MORE DEPRESSED
  • UNPLEASANT
  • SAD
  • ABNORMAL
  • UNSOCIABLE
31
Q

IN THE PARROT AND LASKY (1998) STUDY, THE MOOD STATED OF THE CONTROLS WHO DID NOT USE ECSTASY RETURNED TO BASELINE AFTER HOW MANY DAYS?

A
  • 7
32
Q

IN A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY, WHAT DID THE 469 ECSTASY USERS REPORT?

A
  • MIDWEEK LOW MOODS
  • CONCENTRATION DIFFICULTIES
  • MEMORY PROBLEMS
33
Q

WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ECSTASY USERS REPORTED MIDWEEK LOW MIDWEEK MOODS IN THE CURRAN (2000) QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY?

A
  • 83%
34
Q

WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ECSTASY USERS REPORTED CONCENTRATION DIFFICULTIES AND MEMORY PROBLEMS IN THE CURRAN (2000) QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY?

A
  • 80%
35
Q

EVIDENCE FROM ANIMAL STUDIES SUGGEST?

A
  • NEURONAL RECOVERY OCCURS OVER SEVERAL MONTHS IN THE LABROTORIAL RAT (BEARING IN MIND THE LIFESPAN OF A RAT IS AROUND 2.5 YEARS)
36
Q

MONKEYS AND PRIMATES SHOW?

A
  • PARTIAL RECOVERY EVEN AFTER AN EXTENDED PERIOD

BIOPSYCHOLOGY (10 decks)

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