Drugs Flashcards
Infliximab
TNF alpha inhibitor, (Remicade)
Adalimumab
TNF alpha inhibitor, (Humira)
Certolizumab
TNF alpha inhibitor
Golimumab
TNF alpha inhibitor, Simponi
Etanercept
TNF alpha inhibitor, Enbrel
Abatacept
CTLA-4 fusion, prevents T cell activation by allowing CD28 to not bind to B7-1/2
Tofacitinib
JAK inhibitor, inhibits common gamma chain-containing cytokine receptors
Methotrexate
Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase, decreases synthesis of purines and pyrimidines (give folic acid to help prevent side effects). INCREASES ADENOSINE RELEASE FROM CELLS (DAMPENS INFLAMMATION)
Leflunomide
Inhibits pyrimidine synthesis, leads to lymphopenia, Pro-drug, long half life
Azathioprine
Purine Synthesis Inhibitor
Mycophenolate
Purine Synthesis inhibitor
Hydroxychloroquine
Inhibits TLRs, inhibits acidification of lysosome which interferes w/ antigen processing. SIDE EFFECT: Retinal Toxicity
Sulfasalazine
Sulfa drug, active moiety, not id’d
Toclizumab
IL-6 inhibitor. Reduces inflammation and joint damage with RA
Anakinra
IL-1 Receptor antagonist. Not very effective for RA
Rituximab
Anti-CD20 ab, targets CD20+ B cells but not plasma cells. Human Fc and mouse Fab
Methylprednisolone
Steroid
Prednisone
Steroid
Cyclophosphamide
Alkylating agent, that crosslinks DNA by adding an alkyl group inducing inhibition of DNA replication leading to cell death. Targets B cells inhibiting proliferation and suppression of Ig production. SIDE EFFECT: Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Azathioprine
Also called Imuran, Maintenance Therapy after maxium dose of cyclophosphamide has been reached. Nucleotide synthesis inhibitors (B and T cells inhibitor, and NK)
Ruplizumab
CD154 antagonist (CD40)
Cyclosporine
Inhibits PLC-gamma from activating calcinuerin. Prevents activation of NF-AT
Rapamycin
inhibits PI3-K from activating mTOR, also known as Sirolimus
Tacrolimus
prevents PLC-gamma from activating calcinuerin, preventing activation of NF-AT
Daclizumab
anti-CD25 ab, CD-25 is the receptor for IL-2 on CD4+ cells
Anti-thymogloublin
Used in GvHD, aplastic anemia, works to inhibit T cell activation. Probably look this one up some more
Rhogam
Given to Rh- mothers during pregnancy. This is IgG agasint RhoD. That eliminates fetal Rh+ RBCs from maternal circulation, basically coats the fetal RBCs so mom does not recognize them. Also turns off maternal B cell sby cross-linking the BCR and Fc-gamma-RII.
Ephinephrine
Used in anaphylaxis.
- alpha one, adrenergic vascoconstrictor- decreases mucosal edema, prevents hypotension, increases cardiac output
- Beta one, adrenergic- increased force and rate of cardiac contractions
- Beta two, Bronchodilation decresed release of mediators from mast cells and basophils
Anithistamines (H1 and H2)
No H2 if due to food allergy because may delay absorption of the food.
-block histamine
Ipilimumab
Anti-CTLA-4 that prevents turn off switch of T cells.
- leads to incresed immune response
- used in melanoma and immunedeficiencies
Nivolumab
Anti-PD-1
- prevents the off switch
- increases immune response
- used in melanoma and immunodeficiencies
Sipuleucel-T
Dendritic Cell vaccine
used in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer
Cortisol
side effects are cushing syndrome and hyperglycemia
Diphenhydramine
used to treat asthma and allergy,
-histamine receptor antagonist
Montelukast
used in asthma and allergy
-leukotiene receptor antagonist
Bactrim
Used in penuomocystis as prophylatic.
-anti-bacterial
albuterol
used in asthma, bronchodilator
Azole drugs
Anti-fungals
Lamotrigine
Glu inhibitor associated with SJS-TEN
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