Drugs

Question 1

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Answer 1

ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by interrupting the renin angiotensin activating system(RAAS).examples include captopril enalapril

Question 2

Captopril

Answer 2

Works by inhibiting ace.preventing conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2. Reduced formation of angiotensin 2 decreases peripheral arterial resistance thus decreasing aldosterone secretion.

Question 3

Pharmacokinetics of ACE inhibitors

Answer 3

Absorbed from the GI tract distributed to most body tissues metabolised in liver and excepted in urine.Rampril is excerpted in faeces.

Question 4

Pharmacodynamics of ACE

Answer 4

Ace inhibitors work by preventing the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2.angiotensin 1 is a potent vasoconstrictor that increases peripheral resistance and promotes the excretion of aldosterone.as angiotensin 2 is reduced arteriolar dilate reducing peripheral vascular resistant.

Question 5

Drug interactions of ace inhibitors

Answer 5

Ace inhibitors Enhance the hypotensive effects if diuretics and other antihypertensive such as beta adrenergic blockers. They can also increase lithium levels possibly resulting lithium toxicity.

Question 6

Adverse reactions of ACE inhibitors

Answer 6

Headache
Fatigue
Dry persistent cough due to bredicinin which causes inflammation
Angioedma
Can cause problems in foetal circulation shouldn’t be used for pregnancy

Question 7

Angiotensin 2 receptor blocking agent(ARBs)

Answer 7

Lower blood pressure by inhibiting the vasocnstrictive effects of angiotensin 2.examples include.valsartan.lostartan.irbestan

Question 8

Pharmacokinetics of ARBs

Answer 8

Are all bound to plasma proteins.

Question 9

Pharmacodynamics of ARBs

Answer 9

Work by interfering with the RASS.selectively block binding of angiotensin 2 to the angiotensin 2receptors.this prevents the vasoconstricting and aldosterone secreting effects of angiotensin 2 resulting in low blood pressure.

Question 10

Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 10

Treatment of hypertension

Question 11

Adverse reaction of ARBs

Answer 11

Headache
Fatigue
Cough
Angioedema

Question 12

Beta-adrenergic antagonists

Answer 12

Used to treat hypertension and prevention of angina.examples include 
Acebutolol
Atenolol
Bioprolo
Labetalol

Question 13

Pharmacodynamics of beta-adrenergic antagonistic

Answer 13

Decrease blood pressure and block beta adrenergic receptor sites in the heart muscle and conduction system. This decrease heart rate and reeduces the force of contraction resulting in a lower demand for oxygen by the myocardium

Question 14

Adverse reactions of beta-adrenergic blockers include

Answer 14

Fainting
Fluid retention 
Peripheral odema
Shock
Nausea and vomitting 
Diarrhoea

Question 15

What are antihypertensive drugs

Answer 15

Antihypertensive drugs are used treat hypertension. A disorder characterised by elevation in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.or both