Drugs

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

• Circulatory overload risk
• Use admin set provided
• Give as fast as possible, especially if client in shock

Question 1

Dobutamine Hydrochlorie

Answer 1

• Effect - Stimulates beta 1 receptors
• Use
• Side Effects - HTN; PVCs; Asthmatic Episodes; Headache
• Nursing Care - Incompatible w/ alkaline solutions; Admin through central line or large peripheral vein; Use infusion pump; Incompatible w/ other meds; Monitor EKG, I/Os, BP, and Potassium

Question 2

Dopamine

Answer 2

• Effect - Low Dose: Dilate renal and coronary arteries; High Dose: vasoconstricts
• Use
• Side Effects - Increased intraoccular pressure; Ectopic beats; Nausea; Tachycardia; Chest; Dysrhythmias
• Nursing Care - Headache is an early toxicity sign; Monitor BP, Urine Output, Peripheral Pulses; Use infusion pump

Question 3

Epinephrine

Answer 3

• Effect - Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors (nonselective)
• Use -
• Side Effects - Nervousness; Restlessness; Dizziness; Local necrosis of skin
• Nursing Care - Aspirate syringe before IM & SC dose; IV admin can be harmeful; ALWAYS check strength (1:100 = inhalation; 1:1,000 = SC or IM); Ensure adequate hydration

Question 4

Milrinone

Answer 4

• Effect - Positive inotropic effect
• Use - Smooth muscle relaxant used to treat severe HF
• Side Effects - Dyshythmia; Thrombocytopenia; Jaundice
• Nursing Care -

Question 5

Norepinephrine

Answer 5

• Effect - Causes vasoconstriction to increase BP and cardiac output.
• Use - Shock, anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest
• Side Effects - Headache; Paliptations; Nervousness; HTN; Angina; Tissue Necrosis w/ extravasation; Potential rebound effects
• Nursing Care - Attend client at all times; Monitor urinary output, vitals (BP); protect from light; infuse w/ dextrose not NS; Observe extremities for perfusion/color;

Question 6

Packed Red Blood Cells (Packed RBCs)

Answer 6

• Reactions rare Compatible only with NS
• Give over 2-4 hrs
• Mix cells q30 min (squeeze bag)
• Use standard blood filter

Question 8

Phenylephrine

Answer 8

• Effect - Potent alpha 1 agonist
• Use - Hypotension; Nasal Congestion; Induce Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
• Contraindication - HTN; PVD; Severe Organ Disease; Caution in BPH, Glaucoma, and Seizures
• Side Effects - Palpataions; Tachycardia; HTN; Dysrhythmias; Angina; Tissue necrosis w/ extravasation; Urinary Retention
• Nursing Care - Monitor BP, CRT, Bun/Cr, LFTs, IV site, Vision, I/Os

Question 9

Plasma

Answer 9

• Circulatory overload risk
• Admin w/ straight line set
• Give as fast as possible

Question 10

Platelets

Answer 10

• Some febrile reactions
• Nonwettable filter
• Give as fast as possible (4 units/hr)

Question 11

Sodium Nitroprusside

Answer 11

• Effect - Dilates cardiac veins and arteries, decreasing preload and afterload. Increases myocardial perfusion
• Use -
• Side Effects - Hypotension
• Nursing Care -