Drugs Flashcards
Omeprazole inhibits what liver enzyme?
CYP2C19
Omeprazole is a __?
PPI
Omeprazole’s major drug interaction is with what other drug? What is that drug used for?
Clopidogrel (used to inhibit clotting[for MI risk pts])
Iansoprazole is a __?
PPI
Pantoprazole is a ___?
PPI
Rabeprazole is a ___?
PPI
Eseprazole is a ___?
PPI
Dexlansoprazole is a ___?
PPI
PPI MOA?
Suicide inhibition (covalent biding to) H+/K+ ATPase on the luminal membrane of parietal cells
Antimicrobial therapy for treatment of H. Pylori induced ulcers?
PPI+amoxicillin+clarithromycin
How many times a day do you take a PPI? Why?
Once- suicide inhibitor
Cetidine is a ___?
H2 r antagonist
Ranitidine is a ___?
H2 r antagonist
Famotidine is a ___?
H2 r antagonist
Nizatidine is a ___?
H2 r antagonist
Where are H2 r antagonists absorbed?
I’m the SI
How are H2 r antagonists eliminated?
Renal excretion
What does renal impairment require in terms of H2 r antagonist therapy?
Dose reduction
Which H2 r antagonist has most extensive side effects?
Cimitidine
Are antimuscarinics useful for isolated acid reduction?
They are rarely used due to side effects
Sucralfate is a
Mucosal binding agent that binds preferentially to the ulcer, and has no acid-neutralizing effects
Subgallate is a
Mucosal protective agent with weak acid neutralizing capacity
Subcitrate is a
Mucosal protective agent with weak acid neutralizing capacity
Subnitrate is a
Mucosal protective agent with weak acid neutralizing capacity
Subsalicylate is a
Mucosal protective agent with weak acid neutralizing capacity
What do mucosal protective agents do?
Increase mucous secretion, thus coating ulcer, also cause detachment of H. Pylori
Sucralfate side effects?
Dry mouth, constipation
Sucralfate interferes with what drugs?
Tetracycline, phenytoin, digoxin, and cimetidine
Misprostol is a
Mucosal protective agent
Misprostol is used how often for ulcers? Why?
Rarely, due to side effects. Works as a PGE1 analogue, and there are tons of receptors for dat crap. Only good for NSAID-induced ulcers, and we don’t even really use it for that.
Antacid MOA?
Bases neutralize acid in stomach, increase pH.
Antacid effectiveness compared to H2 r blockers?
About the same
Antacid side effects?
Alkaluria–> Kidney stones
Maybe Na+ content too high for CHF pts
Lots of drug interaction effects
Sodium Bicarbonate is a
An antacid
Calcium carbonate is a
An antacid
Calcium carbonate causes
Hypercalcemia and rebound HCl secretion
Milk of magnesia is a
An antacid
Milk of magnesia causes
Blood Mg increase, osmotic effects, increased intestinal motility
Aluminum compounds cause
Constipation
What two antacids may be mixed to counter side effects?
Magnesium and aluminum
