Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Delirium Tx

A

Haloperidol/Haldol for aggression and combativeness

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2
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx, AChE Inhibitors

A
  1. Tacrine (Cognex)
  2. Donepezil (Aricept)
    Treat cognitive impairment
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3
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx,

NMDA Inhibitors

A
  1. Memantine (Namenda)

Regulates glutamate to improve memory, used in severe cases

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4
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx,

Anti-psychotics

A
  1. Risperidone
  2. Olanzapine
  3. Clozapine
    Used for behavioral Problems
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5
Q

Cardiogenic TIA tx

A

Warfarin

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6
Q

TIA Prophylactic Anti plt Tx

A
  1. ASA

2. Clopridigrel (inhibits ADP receptors)

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7
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke Tx,

anti edema med

A

Mannitol

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8
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke Tx, anti-inflammatory

A

Corticosteroids

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9
Q

Ischemic Stroke Tx that must be given w/in 3 hrs of onset of symptoms

A
  1. Recombinant tPa
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10
Q

Ischemic Stroke (cardiac embolus) Tx

A

Anti-plt, anti coagulant meds

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11
Q

Tx for Neuropathic pain in diabetic neuropathy

A
  1. Phenyotoin (Dilantin)

2. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

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12
Q

Tx for deep constant diabetic pain

A
  1. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
  2. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
  3. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
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13
Q

Tx for hypotension in diabetes

A

Fludrocortisone, midrodine

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14
Q

Tx diabetic gastroparesis

A
  1. Metochloramide (Reglan)
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15
Q

Tx diabetic erectile dysfunction

A
  1. Viagra, Cialis, Levitra
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16
Q

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Tx

A

a. Plasmaphoresis: reduces recovery time and neurologic damage
b. IV IgG

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17
Q

Tx for Myasthenia Gravis, AChE inhibitor

A
  1. Neostigmine

2. Pyridostigmine

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18
Q

Surgical Tx for Myasthenia Gravis

A
  1. Thymectomy
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19
Q

Anti-inflammatory Tx for MG

A
  1. Corticosteroids
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20
Q

Misc. Tx for MG

A
  1. IV IgG
  2. Immunosuppressents
  3. Plasmapheresis
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21
Q

Bell’s Palsy Tx

A
  1. Corticosteroids, given within 5 days of symptoms

2. Eye lubrication, eye patch

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22
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Tx for Neonates

A

i. Ampicillin: Group B strep

ii. Gentamicin: E. coli

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23
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Tx for Infants under 3 months

A

i. Ampicillin: Group B Strep

ii. High dose Gentamicin: Resistant Group B strep, N. meningiditis

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24
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for children and adolescents

A

i. Ampicillin: group B strep

ii. 3rd Generation cephalosporin: N. meningiditis

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25
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for Adults

A

i. Vancomycin: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis

ii. Ceftriaxone: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis

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26
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for Elderly >50

A

i. Vancomycin: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis
ii. Ampicillin: Listeria monocytogenes, gram negative bacilli
iii. 3rd Generation Cephalosporin: N. meningiditis

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27
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for post-surgical or traumatic cases

A

i. Vancomycin: gram neg bacilli

ii. Cefedipine: Staph aureus

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28
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for household contacts

A

i. Rifampin

ii. Fluroquinolones

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29
Q

Tx for Viral Meningitis/encephalitis

A

a. Acyclovir: HSV infection
b. Acetaminophen: prn HA
c. Anti-convulsants: Seizures

30
Q

Tx for Brain Abscess

A

a. IV ceftriaxone
b. IV Metronidazole
c. IV Vancomycin

31
Q

Mild Acute Migraine Tx: MSAIDs

A

i. ASA,
ii. Naproxen,
iii. Ibuprofen

32
Q

Mild Acute migraine Tx: combinations

A
  1. Excedrine Migraine (ASA, APAP, and caffeine)

2. Bayer Migraine

33
Q

Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: NSAIDs

A
  1. Ketoraloc (Toradol)
34
Q

Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Combinations

A

ii. Fioricet, Esgic: APAP w/ caffeine

iii. Fiorinal: ASA w/ caffeine

35
Q

Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Triptans

A

iv. Imitrex, Zomig, Maxalt

36
Q

Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Narcotics

A

Morphine, Diaudid, Demerol, Stadol

37
Q

Antiemetics given with narcotics for migraines

A
  1. Metoclopramide
  2. Odansteron
  3. Prochlorperazine
  4. Hydroxyzine
38
Q

Prophylactic Tx for migraines: anti seizure meds

A
  1. Topiramate (Topamax)

2. Valproate (Depakote)

39
Q

Prophylactic Tx for migraines: Beta blockers

A
  1. Propanolol (inderal)
40
Q

Prophylactic Tx for migraines: TCA

A
  1. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
41
Q

Prophylactic Tx for migraines: Calcium Channel blockers

A
  1. Verapamil
42
Q

Acute Tx for CLuster HA: Anti-inflammatory

A

Corticosteroids

43
Q

Acute Tx for CLuster HA: First line

A
  1. High flow oxygen 5-15L/min, NRB
44
Q

Acute Tx for CLuster HA: Vasoconstrictors

A

Triptans

45
Q

Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: Calcium channel blocker

A

Verapamil (Calan)

46
Q

Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: Anti-convulsants

A
  1. Divalproex (Depakote)

2. Topiramax

47
Q

Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: mood stabilizer

A

Lithium

48
Q

Acute Tension HA Tx

A

OTC Analgesic

49
Q

Prophylactic Tension HA Tx

A

Amitriptyline: Tricyclic Anti-depressant

50
Q

Huntington’s disease Tx: depression

A

SSRIs

51
Q

Huntington’s disease Tx: MAO inhibitor

A

Tetrabenazine (Xenazine), treats dyskinesias

52
Q

Huntington’s disease Tx: Antipsychotic

A

Haloperidol (Haldol)

Phenothiazines (Thorazine, chlorpromazine)

53
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: AChE inhibitors

A

a. Donepezil, Benztropin, Trihexyphenidyl

54
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: dopamine agonists/precursors

A
  1. Levadopa
  2. Carbadopa
  3. Sinemet
  4. Bromocriptine
  5. Pramipexole
55
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: drug with unknown MOA

A

Amantadine

56
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: COMT inhibitors

A
  1. Entacapone

2. Tolcapone

57
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: atypical anti-psychotics

A
  1. Clozapine, treats confusion and psychotics sxs
58
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Tx: MAO type B inhibitors

A

Irreversibly inhibits dopamine degradation by MAO, treats tremor

59
Q

Tx for Cerebral palsy

A

a. Muscle relaxants

b. Anti- Seizure Meds

60
Q

Essential Tremor Tx

A

a. Propanolol (Inderal): Beta Blocker, B1 and B2

b. Alprazolam (Xanax): use cautiously due to addictive potential

61
Q

Restless Leg syndrome Tx

A

a. Benzodiazepines
b. Gabapentin
c. Lyrica
d. Senemet

62
Q

Absence Seizure Tx

A
  1. Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
63
Q

Tx for Tonic Clonic Sz

A

a. Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
b. Topiramate (Topamax)
c. Valproic Acid/ Depakote
d. Second line: Carbamazepine

64
Q

Tx for Status Epilepticus

A

a. IV Diazepam (Valium) or Lorazepam (Ativan) until seizure cessation
b. Loading dose of Phenytoin (Dilantin): prevent recurrence of status epilepticus. Takes 10-30 mins
c. Phenobarbital

65
Q

Tx for Simple partial sz

A

a. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
b. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
c. Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
d. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
e. Topiramate (Topamax)
f. Valproic Acid/ Depakote

66
Q

Tx for Complex partial sz

A

a. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
b. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
c. Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
d. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
e. Topiramate (Topamax)
f. Valproic Acid/ Depakote

67
Q

Tx for Insomnia

A

a. Lorazepam (Ativan), Temazepam(Restoril ): Benzodiazepines
b. Eszopiclone(Lunesta): GABA benzodiazepine receptor agonist
c. Zolpidem (Ambien): Hypnotics, May lead to amnesic episodes
d. Trazadone (Desyrel) : Serotonin Modulator
e. Ramelteon(Rozerem): Melatonin receptor agonist

68
Q

Tx for Narcolepsy

A

a. Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrin): CNS stimulant
b. Modafinil (Provigil): CNS stimulant
c. Amodafinil (Nuvigil): CNS Stimulant

69
Q

Tx for Sleep Apnea

A

a. Weight reduction, CPAP, BiPAP, UPPP

70
Q

Tx for Tourette’s Syndrome

A

a. Haloperidal/Haldol: drug of choice that blocks dopamine receptors, adverse side effects: extrapyramidal sxs
b. Clonazepam/Klonopin: Benzodiazepine
c. Clonidine/Catapres: central acting alpha agonist

71
Q

Tx for MS

A

a. Corticosteroids: anti-inflammatory, treat exacerbations
b. Immunosuppressants/immunomodulators: agents used to slow or stop progression:
• Avonex IM or Rebif SQ (interferon beta 1a)
• Copaxone SQ (glatiramer)
• Gilenya PO (fingolimod)
• Tysabri IV (natalizamub)
• Tecfidera PO (dimethyl fumarate)
c. Symptomatic Tx: Spasticity – Baclofen or tizanidine (Zanaflex)
1. Pain – gabapentin (Neurontin) or amitriptyline (Elavil)
2. Fatigue – good sleep hygiene
3. Weakness/Ataxia – PT for strengthening & balance
4. Depression – SSRI, support group for patient and family
5. Bladder dysfunction : Self-catheterization, Dietary changes, Avoid caffeine, alcohol and OJ, Antispasmodics