Drugs

Question 1

Beta-Lactams

Answer 1

antimicrobial
peptidoglycan synthesis
all bacteria
penicillins, cephalosporins
combined with clavulanic acid - competitive inhibitor of beta-lactamase

Question 2

Glycopeptides

Answer 2

antimicrobial
peptidoglycan synthesis
all bacteria
vancomycin

Question 3

Isoniazid

Answer 3

antimicrobial
acid fast cell wall
blocks synthesis of mycolic acid

Question 4

Ethambutol

Answer 4

antimicrobial
acid fast cell wall
blocks arabinogalactan synthesis

Question 5

Aminoglycosides

Answer 5

antimicrobial
protein synthesis (70S ribosome)
streptomycin, gentamicin

Question 6

Tetracyclines

Answer 6

antimicrobial
protein synthesis (70S ribosome)
tetracycline, doxycycline

Question 7

Macrolides

Answer 7

antimicrobial
protein synthesis (70S ribosome)
erythromycin, azithromycin

Question 8

Oxazolinidones

Answer 8

antimicrobial
protein synthesis (70S ribosome)
linezolid

Question 9

Quinolones

Answer 9

antimicrobial
nucleic acid synthesis
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin

Question 10

Rifampins

Answer 10

antimicrobial
nucleic acid synthesis
rifabutin, rifaximin

Question 11

Metronidazole

Answer 11

antimicrobial
nucleic acid synthesis
targets anaerobic bacteria & parasites

antiparasitic
inhibits DNA replication
nitroimidazoles

Question 12

Clofazimine

Answer 12

antimicrobial
nucleic acid synthesis
targets mycobacterium

Question 13

Sulfonamides

Answer 13

antimicrobial
anti-metabolites
inhibits folic acid biosynthetic pathway
bacteria capable of using exogenous thymine are intrinsically resistant

antiparasitic
inhibits folic acid biosynthesis

Question 14

Trimethoprim

Answer 14

antimicrobial
anti-metabolites
inhibits folic acid biosynthetic pathway
blocks DHF –> THF

Question 15

Sulfamethoxazole

Answer 15

antimicrobial
anti-metabolites
inhibits folic acid biosynthetic pathway
blocks PABA –> DHF

Question 16

Polymyxins

Answer 16

antimicrobial
cytoplasmic membrane function inhibitor
colistin, polymyxin B

Question 17

Bacitracin

Answer 17

antimicrobial

cytoplasmic membrane function inhibitor

Question 18

Enfuviritide

Answer 18

antiviral
blocks attachment/penetration
fusion inhibitor

Question 19

Amantadine

Answer 19

antiviral

blocks uncoating

Question 20

Rimantadine

Answer 20

antiviral

blocks uncoating

Question 21

AZT

Answer 21

antiviral
blocks nucleic acid synthesis
base analog

Question 22

Ribavirin

Answer 22

antiviral
blocks nucleic acid synthesis
inhibits nucleotide biosynthesis

Question 23

Lipopeptides

Answer 23

antimicrobial
cytoplasmic membrane function inhibitor
daptomycin

Question 24

Acyclovir

Answer 24

antiviral
blocks nucleic acid synthesis
inhibits DNA Pol

Question 25

Ganciclovir

Answer 25

antiviral blocks nucleic acid synthesis inhibits DNA Pol

Question 26

Nevirapine

Answer 26

antiviral blocks nucleic acid synthesis inhibits reverse transcriptase

Question 27

Interferon-alpha

Answer 27

antiviral | blocks protein synthesis

Question 28

Ritonavir

Answer 28

antiviral blocks assembly protease inhibitor

Question 29

Elvitegravir

Answer 29

antiviral blocks assembly integrase inhibitor

Question 30

Zanamivir

Answer 30

antiviral blocks release inhibits neuraminidase or hemagglutinin

Question 31

Oseltamivir

Answer 31

antiviral blocks release inhibits neuraminidase or hemagglutinin

Question 32

Polyenes

Answer 32

antifungal affects integrity of plasma membrane pore formation and ion leakage amphoteracin B, nystatin

Question 33

Azoles

Answer 33

antifungal inhibits plasma membrane synthesis blocks synthesis of ergosterol ketoconazole, fluconazole

Question 34

Echinocandins

Answer 34

antifungal inhibits cell wall synthesis blocks synthesis of glucan caspofungin

Question 35

Fungal Base analogs

Answer 35

antifungal inhibits nucleic acid synthesis flucytosine

Question 36

Chloroquine

Answer 36

antiparasitic inhibits DNA replication aminoquinoline analogs group

Question 37

Pentamidine

Answer 37

antiparasitic inhibits DNA replication diamidines group

Question 38

Pyrimethamine

Answer 38

antiparasitic inhibits folic acid biosynthesis pyrimethamines group

Question 39

Paramomycin

Answer 39

antiparasitic inhibits protein synthesis aminoglycosides group

Question 40

Mebendazole/Albendazole

Answer 40

antiparasitic inhibits transport benzimidazole group

Question 41

Piperazine

Answer 41

antiparasitic inhibits neuromuscular action (neuro-mediator --> helminths)

Question 42

Ivermectin

Answer 42

antiparasitic inhibits neuromuscular action (neuro-mediator --> helminths)