Drugs

Question 1

What are the mechanisms of action of Sam-e

Answer 1

Increases intracellular cysteine leading to increased hepatic glutathione synthesis

Increases methylation of phospholipids and DNA which promotes membrane stability and controls production of inflammatory cytokines.

Increases hepatoprotective polyamines

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of telmisartan?

Answer 2

1. Angiotensin II receptor (type AT1) antagonist which acts to inhibit the effects of angiotensin —> less vasoconstriction, decreased aldosterone synthesis, decreased sodium and water retention and less renal, vascular and cardiac remodelling.
2. In the kidney, angiotensin II may result in glomerular capillary hypertension and increased protein in the glomerular filtrate, which could trigger or potentiate interstitial fibrosis —> reduce proteinuria
3. Antifibrotic - liver disease

Question 3

What if the mechanism of action of allopurinol?

Answer 3

Xanthine oxidase inhibition —> decreases formation of uric acid by blocking the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and of xanthine to uric acid.

Used in leishmania and ammonium urate uroliths

Question 4

What if the mechanism of action of allopurinol?

Answer 4

Xanthine oxidase inhibition —> decreases formation of uric acid by blocking the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and of xanthine to uric acid.

Used in leishmania and ammonium urate uroliths

May get xanthine uroliths!

Question 5

What fluoroquinolone has the widest spectrum of activity?

Answer 5

Pradofloxacin (just not anaerobes)

Question 6

What percentage of cats have a good responsive enteropathy?

A) 60%
B) 45%
C) 70%
D)65%

Answer 6

A) 60%