Drugs

Question 1

Allopurinol

Answer 1

For uric acid buildup

inhibits xanthine oxidase

Question 2

Puromycin

Answer 2

mimics 3’ end of an aminoacyl tRNA
binds ribosome at A site
will not advance when bound to C-term. end of growing peptide chain
Prematurely halts peptide synth.

Question 3

Tamoxafin

Answer 3

Binds Estrogen Receptor (mimics estrogen)
Now estrogen receptor cannot dimerize (zinc-finger)

Estrogen Recptor + Breast Cancer treatment

Question 4

Rapamycin

Answer 4

Targets mTOR

immunosuppressant

Question 5

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 5

Inhibits gamma-carboxylation of glutamate (aa.) thus disrupting clotting factors.

Question 6

Vorinostat

Answer 6

Inhibits histone deacetylases (protein post-transl mod, HDAC)
Cancer treatment

Question 7

What does Gleevec do?

Answer 7

Treats Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Inhibits phosphorylation of Tyrosine —> inhibits signaling cascade necessary for cancer growth

Question 8

What does Bortezomib do?

Answer 8

Inhibits protein ubiquitination and the proteosome activity of protein degradation.
Treatment for Multiple Myeloma.

Question 9

What does Cyclosporin do?

Answer 9

Inhibits cyclophillin (peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase that activates Calcineurin).
Immunosuppressant

(Ford & Zhao lectures)

Question 10

AZT

Answer 10

Targets HIV reverse transcriptase

Mimics RNA Adenosine; but azide on 3’ carbon —> halts rev. trxn.

Question 11

Acyclovir

Answer 11

Herpes simplex virus
Varicella zoster virus

Targets viral DNA polymerase —> mimics a purine —> shuts down polymerase

Question 12

Quinolones

Answer 12

Target bacterial DNA gyrase

Question 13

Aspirin

Answer 13

inhibits phosphorylation of IkB

–> inhibits NF-kB induced inflammation repsponse