Drugs Flashcards
Define Behavior
The way people act or perform
Overt
Out in the open
Covert
hidden and only the person understands
How is behavior measured?
-against the norms and expectations of society
-religious and cultural factors
ADLs
Activities of Daily Living
4 Categories of Pathophysiology
-biologic or organic
-environmental
-injury or illness
-substance related
Haloperidole (Brand Name)
Haldol
Haloperidole (Class)
Tranquilizer, antipsychotic
Haloperidole (MOA)
-Inhibits CNS catecholamine receptors
-strong antidopaminergic, weak anticholinergic
Haloperidole (Indicaitons)
acute psychotic episodes
Haloperidole (Contraindications)
-Parkinson Disease
-depressed mental status
-agitation secondary to shock and hypoxia
-hypersensitivity
Haloperidole (Adverse Reactions/Side Effects)
seizures, sedations, confusion, restlessness, extrapyramidal reactions, dystonia, respiratory depression, hypotension, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, sudden cardiac death, constipations, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, drooling, blurred vision
Haloperidole (Dosage & Admin)
Adult: 2-5 mg IM (every 30-60 min until sedation achieved)
Pediatric: not recommended
Haloperidole (Duration of Action)
Onset: 10 min
Peak Effect: 30 to 45 min
Duration: generally 12 to 24 hours
Haloperidole (Special Considerations)
Pregnancy Category C
Treat hypotension secondary
Ketamine (Brand Name)
Ketalar
Ketamine (Class)
Sedative
Analgesic Dissociative Anesthetic
Ketamine (MOA)
-blocks pain receptors and minimizes spinal cord activity
-affects the association pathways of the brain between the thalamus and limbic system
Ketamine (Indications)
excited delirium, pain management, procedural sedation (RSI)
Ketamine (Contraindications)
-hypersensitivity
-conditions where HTN is hazardous to Pt
Ketamine (Adverse Reactions/Side Effects)
HTN, dysrhythmia, bronchodilation, respiratory depression
Ketamine (Drug Interactions)
increases effects of opiates, barbiturates
Ketamine (Dosage/Administration)
Adult/Pediatric: 1-2 mg/kg IV push over 1-2 min
Ketamine (Duration of Action)
Onset: 30 sec
Peak Effect: Unknown
Duration: 5-10 min
Ketamine (Special Considerations)
Pregnancy Category not assigned, Contraindicated pregnant/breastfeeding women
Excessive drooling
Emergence Reaction
Midazolam (Brand Name)
Versed
Midazolam (Class)
Benzodiazepine, short/intermediate acting; Schedule IV drug
Midazolam (MOA)
sedative, anxiolytic, amnesic, and hypnotic effects
Midazolam (Indications)
seizures, sedation for medical procedures (intubations, ventilated pts, cardioversion), chemical restraint
Midazolam (Contraindications)
acute narrow-angle glaucoma, shock, coma, alcohol intoxication, OD, depressed vital signs
Midazolam (Adverse Reactions/Side Effects)
headache, somnolence, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, apnea, hypotension, cardiac arrest, nausea, vomiting, pain at injection site
Midazolam (Drug Interactions)
CNS depressants
Midazolam (Dosage/Administration)
Adult: (seizures) 0.2mg/kg IM/IN max dose 10mg; 0.1mg/kg IV, max dose 4mg
