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Practical Aspects > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Histamine-2 blockers are prescribed for:

A

Heartburn and reflux

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2
Q

H2 blockers are best taken:

A

30 minutes before a meal

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3
Q

Most common H2 blocker:

A

Famotidine

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4
Q

What’s the generic name for Pepcid?

A

Famotidine

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5
Q

Zantac’s generic _____________ was removed from the market because it was found to contain cancer causing agents.

A

Ranitidine

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6
Q

Common proton pump inhibitors include:

A 
Nexium
Prevacid
Prilosec
Zegerid
Protonix
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7
Q

What’s the generic name for nexium?

A

Esomeprazole

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8
Q

Lansoprazole is the generic name for:

A

Prevacid

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9
Q

Zegerid and Prilosec are name brands of:

A

Omeprazole

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10
Q

How do promotility agents work?

A

By stimulating muscles of GI tract which can help prevent acids from staying in stomach too long
Strengthens lower esophageal sphincter, reducing reflux into the esophagus

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11
Q

Reglan is a promotility agent that is sometimes used to treat heartburn associated with GERD. What is it’s generic name?

A

Metoclopramide

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12
Q

What types of meds are used to treat anxiety disorders?

A

Benzodiazepines
Buspirone
Antidepressants
Beta blockers

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13
Q

Benzodiazepines work by:

A

Increasing the effects of certain neurotransmitters

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14
Q

Benzodiazepines are:

A

Sedatives that help relax muscles and calm mind

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15
Q

Common examples of benzodiazepines:

A

Xanax
Klonopin
Valium
Ativan

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16
Q

What is the generic name for Xanax?

A

Alprazolam

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17
Q

Clonazepam is generic for:

A

Klonopin

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18
Q

Valium is the brand name of:

A

Diazepam

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19
Q

Lorazepam is the generic for

A

Ativan

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20
Q

Benzodiazepines are used for long term treatment of anxiety.
T/F

A

False, short term

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21
Q

Buspirone is used to treat:

A

Short term and chronic anxiety disorders

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22
Q

Buspirone is thought to affect:

A

Chemicals in brain that regulate mood

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23
Q

What is the brand name for Buspirone?

A

Buspar

24
Q

What do antidepressants affect?

A

Neurotransmitters

25
Q

How long does it take to produce noticeable effects with antidepressants?

A

4-6 weeks

26
Q

What does SSRI stand for?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

27
Q

How do SSRIs work?

A

Increase levels of serotonin

28
Q

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects:

A

Mood, sexual desire, appetite, sleep and memory

29
Q

Common SSRIs

A

Lex a pro
Prozac
Paxil
Zoloft

30
Q

What is escitalopram?

A

Lexapro

31
Q

The generic for Prozac?

A

Fluoxetine

32
Q

What is the brand name of paroxetine?

A

Paxil

33
Q

Tricyclics work just as well as SSRIs for treating most anxiety disorders except:

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder

34
Q

Tricyclics are newer drugs that are used less often because older drugs cause fewer side effects.
T/F

A

False

35
Q

Examples of tricyclics

A

Clomiramine (Anafranil)

Imipramine (Tofranil)

36
Q

What does MAOIs?

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

37
Q

What are MAOIs used to treat?

A

Panic disorders and social phobia

38
Q

How do MAOIs work?

A

They increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood

39
Q

What is the brand name for isocarboxazid?

A

Marplan

40
Q

What are a few of the restrictions that come with MAOIs?

A

Can’t eat cheese or have red wine

41
Q

Certain foods and meds can react to MAOIs and can:

A

Dangerously increase blood pressure and cause other life threatening side effects

42
Q

Beta blockers are used to help relieve:

A

Physical symptoms of anxiety

43
Q

What are beta blockers primarily used for?

A

Heart conditions

44
Q

Common beta blocker prescribed to help with anxiety:

A

Inderal

45
Q

What is inderall’s generic name?

A

Propranolol

46
Q

Warfarin is an:

A

Oral anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin k epoxide reductase

47
Q

Coagulating factors II, VII, IX and X are activated by:

A

Vitamin K

48
Q

What is vitamin k epoxide reductase?

A

An enzyme that recycles oxidized vitamin k

49
Q

Because warfarin can interact with certain foods and commonly used medicines __________________ is done to check for effectiveness and safety.

A

Regular blood monitoring

50
Q

What are they checking in the bloodwork with warfarin?

A

INR

51
Q

Warfarin is used to prevent thrombosis in patients at high risk such as:

A

Atrial fibrillation
Heart attack
Knee/hip surgeries

52
Q

Warfarin is also used to treat clots in cases of:

A

DVTs and pulmonary embolism

53
Q

Common brands of warfarin

A

Jantoven

Coumadin

54
Q

Factor Xa inhibitors work by:

A

Selectively and reversibly blocking activity of clotting factor Xa

55
Q

Factor Xa inhibitors only affect factor Xa in the blood, not in a preexisting clot.
T/F

A

False, in both

56
Q

Factor Xa inhibitors can be used to reduce the risk of:

A

Stroke and embolism in people with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

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