Drugs Flashcards
Histamine-2 blockers are prescribed for:
Heartburn and reflux
H2 blockers are best taken:
30 minutes before a meal
Most common H2 blocker:
Famotidine
What’s the generic name for Pepcid?
Famotidine
Zantac’s generic _____________ was removed from the market because it was found to contain cancer causing agents.
Ranitidine
Common proton pump inhibitors include:
Nexium Prevacid Prilosec Zegerid Protonix
What’s the generic name for nexium?
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole is the generic name for:
Prevacid
Zegerid and Prilosec are name brands of:
Omeprazole
How do promotility agents work?
By stimulating muscles of GI tract which can help prevent acids from staying in stomach too long
Strengthens lower esophageal sphincter, reducing reflux into the esophagus
Reglan is a promotility agent that is sometimes used to treat heartburn associated with GERD. What is it’s generic name?
Metoclopramide
What types of meds are used to treat anxiety disorders?
Benzodiazepines
Buspirone
Antidepressants
Beta blockers
Benzodiazepines work by:
Increasing the effects of certain neurotransmitters
Benzodiazepines are:
Sedatives that help relax muscles and calm mind
Common examples of benzodiazepines:
Xanax
Klonopin
Valium
Ativan
What is the generic name for Xanax?
Alprazolam
Clonazepam is generic for:
Klonopin
Valium is the brand name of:
Diazepam
Lorazepam is the generic for
Ativan
Benzodiazepines are used for long term treatment of anxiety.
T/F
False, short term
Buspirone is used to treat:
Short term and chronic anxiety disorders
Buspirone is thought to affect:
Chemicals in brain that regulate mood
What is the brand name for Buspirone?
Buspar
What do antidepressants affect?
Neurotransmitters
How long does it take to produce noticeable effects with antidepressants?
4-6 weeks
What does SSRI stand for?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
How do SSRIs work?
Increase levels of serotonin
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects:
Mood, sexual desire, appetite, sleep and memory
Common SSRIs
Lex a pro
Prozac
Paxil
Zoloft
What is escitalopram?
Lexapro
The generic for Prozac?
Fluoxetine
What is the brand name of paroxetine?
Paxil
Tricyclics work just as well as SSRIs for treating most anxiety disorders except:
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Tricyclics are newer drugs that are used less often because older drugs cause fewer side effects.
T/F
False
Examples of tricyclics
Clomiramine (Anafranil)
Imipramine (Tofranil)
What does MAOIs?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
What are MAOIs used to treat?
Panic disorders and social phobia
How do MAOIs work?
They increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood
What is the brand name for isocarboxazid?
Marplan
What are a few of the restrictions that come with MAOIs?
Can’t eat cheese or have red wine
Certain foods and meds can react to MAOIs and can:
Dangerously increase blood pressure and cause other life threatening side effects
Beta blockers are used to help relieve:
Physical symptoms of anxiety
What are beta blockers primarily used for?
Heart conditions
Common beta blocker prescribed to help with anxiety:
Inderal
What is inderall’s generic name?
Propranolol
Warfarin is an:
Oral anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin k epoxide reductase
Coagulating factors II, VII, IX and X are activated by:
Vitamin K
What is vitamin k epoxide reductase?
An enzyme that recycles oxidized vitamin k
Because warfarin can interact with certain foods and commonly used medicines __________________ is done to check for effectiveness and safety.
Regular blood monitoring
What are they checking in the bloodwork with warfarin?
INR
Warfarin is used to prevent thrombosis in patients at high risk such as:
Atrial fibrillation
Heart attack
Knee/hip surgeries
Warfarin is also used to treat clots in cases of:
DVTs and pulmonary embolism
Common brands of warfarin
Jantoven
Coumadin
Factor Xa inhibitors work by:
Selectively and reversibly blocking activity of clotting factor Xa
Factor Xa inhibitors only affect factor Xa in the blood, not in a preexisting clot.
T/F
False, in both
Factor Xa inhibitors can be used to reduce the risk of:
Stroke and embolism in people with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
