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Duke Elder > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Chloramphenicol mechanism of action

A

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits peptide chain transfer (protein synthesis)

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2
Q

How to tetracyclines work

A

Bacteriostatic

Protein synthesis inhibitors

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3
Q

How do penicillins work?

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor via glycan strand crosslinking

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4
Q

Function of cephalosporins

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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5
Q

Mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones

A

DNA gyrase inhibitors

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6
Q

Vancomycin mechanism of action

A

Inhibits assembly of peptidoglycans, therefore inhibits cell wall synthesis

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7
Q

How do aminoglycosides work (gentamicin)

A

Protein synthesis inhibitors

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8
Q

How does amphotericin function

A

Binds to sterols in cell

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9
Q

How does fluconazole function

A

Blocks synthesis of ergosterol - leading to cell leakage

Covers candida

Cryptococcus

Histoplasma

Hepatotoxic

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10
Q

How does aciclovir work, what does it cover?

A

Inhibitsd DNA polymerase

Covers HSV

VZV

Some activity against EBV and CMV

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11
Q

How does gangciclovir work?

A

Virostatic

Inhibits CMV DNA polymerase

Covers HSV VZV and CMV

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12
Q

How does Foscarnet work?

A

Binds to DNA polymerase, prevents nucleotide binding

Covers CMV

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13
Q

How do corticosteroids work?

A

Blocks transcription of cytokine genes (IL1,2,3,5, TNF alpha, interferon gamma)

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14
Q

How does cyclosporine work?

A

Inhibits IL2

Stimulates transforming growth factor B

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15
Q

How does tacrolimus work?

A

Inhibits IL2

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16
Q

How does azathioprine work?

A

Inhibits purine synthesis blocking RNA and DNA synthesis

17
Q

How does cellcept work?

A

Blocks de novo pathway of purine synthesis, selective for lymphocytes

18
Q

How does methotrexate work?

A

Folic acid antagonist

19
Q

What drugs cause cataracts?

A

Allopurinol

Steroids

Phenothiazines

20
Q

Which drugs cause corneal opacity?

A

Amiodarone

Chloroquine

21
Q

Which drugs cause optic neuritis

A

Ethambutol

Isoniazid

22
Q

What drug causes nystagmus?

A

Phenytoin

23
Q

What drugs cause stephen johnston?

A

Sulphonamides

24
Q

What effect does tamoxifen have on the eye?

A

Optic atrophy

Macular degeneration

25
Q

Which drugs causes papilloedema?

A

Tetracycline

Vitamin A

26
Q
A

Duke Elder (2 decks)

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